Kidney stones are mainly acidic stones, but alkaline stones also exist. Many factors affect stone formation, including age, gender, dietary habits, occupation, etc. Abnormalities in the body’s metabolism, urinary tract obstruction, infections, foreign bodies, and the use of medications are common causes of stone formation. Uric acid, oxalic acid and cystine crystals are easily formed in acidic urine, and magnesium ammonium phosphate and phosphate deposits are easily formed in alkaline urine. 1. Acidic stones: including oxalate stones and uric acid stones, oxalate stones are commonly found in dietary oxalic acid intake caused by excessive hyperoxaluria, uric acid stones are often associated with uric acid metabolism abnormalities, which can be seen in gout patients, in the treatment of sodium bicarbonate alkalizing the urine, intake of large quantities of fluids, to promote the discharge of the stones. 2. Alkaline stones: including calcium phosphate stones, magnesium ammonium phosphate stones, often associated with urinary tract infections and obstruction, treatment can be oral ammonium chloride to acidify the urine, control infection, limit the intake of phosphoric acid in the food, prevention and control of stone enlargement. The formation of kidney stones may have other reasons, it is recommended to go to the hospital in a timely manner, improve the examination to clarify the cause of the disease, give targeted treatment or treatment.