Gallbladder surgery includes open surgery, laparoscopic surgery and puncture and drainage. Open surgery mainly involves making an incision in the right upper abdomen to remove the gallbladder. Laparoscopic surgery involves making an opening in the umbilicus, placing a puncture tube through the umbilicus, and removing the gallbladder after separating the gallbladder triangle. Puncture and drainage involves inserting a puncture needle through the skin and into the gallbladder through the liver tissue and gallbladder bed to extract purulent bile from the gallbladder. 1. Open gallbladder surgery: ①After anesthesia takes effect, make an oblique incision under the right costal margin; ②explore the abdominal cavity, incise the wall of the gallbladder to decompress; ③incise the upper peritoneum of the gallbladder triangle for blunt separation; ④incise the cystic duct to take out the gallbladder, and then place a drainage tube after the operation. 2. Laparoscopic surgery: ① firstly, an opening is made on the umbilicus, carbon dioxide is injected into the abdomen, and then a puncture trocar is placed through the umbilical incision; ② an incision is made under the xiphoid process and the right costal margin, and a puncture trocar is placed; ③ the triangle of the gallbladder is separated, and the exact position of the cystic duct and the cystic artery are determined, and the gallbladder is freed from the gallbladder bed, and the gallbladder is completely resected, and then it is completely taken out through the incision under the xiphoid process. 3. Puncture and drainage: Under the guidance of ultrasound or CT, a puncture needle is inserted through the skin and enters the gallbladder through the liver tissue and the gallbladder bed to extract the purulent bile from the gallbladder.