Brain hemorrhage, also known as cerebral hemorrhage, is a disease that we are all familiar with in our daily lives. Many people may have heard of so-and-so suddenly having a headache and nausea when they are angry or quarreling with others, and then passing out, or who suddenly fainted when going to the toilet and was sent to the hospital only to learn that it was a brain hemorrhage, and the patient ended up either dead or disabled, which not only took away the original laughter, but also brought a heavy burden to the family and society, and the patient often had a very difficult life afterwards. Today, we will briefly introduce the basic knowledge of cerebral hemorrhage. Cerebral hemorrhage refers to non-traumatic spontaneous hemorrhage in the brain parenchyma, with various causes, most of which are caused by the rupture of small arteriosclerotic vessels of hypertension, so some people also call it hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage. Clinically, small arterial hemorrhage in the internal capsule is the most common. The hemorrhagic hematoma (or clot) may cut and compress the nearby brain tissues, destroying or affecting their normal functions (motor, sensory, memory, language, mental activity, etc.) and causing symptoms such as hemiparesis, hemianesthesia, slurred speech, etc. When the hemorrhage is large, it causes increased intracranial pressure, displacement of brain tissue and even brain herniation. There are 5 “sudden” early signs of cerebral hemorrhage. The disease is a common disease, with a high incidence in elderly people over 55 years old, and a higher incidence in men than in women, with a rapid onset and development, and early onset of hemiparesis and impaired consciousness. It is one of the major diseases that cause human death, with high disability and mortality rates. What are the first aid measures for cerebral hemorrhage? 1, the patient fell in the toilet, bath and other small places, should be transferred to a spacious place as soon as possible. At the same time, immediately lay the patient flat, tilt the head to the side, unbutton the shirt, open the window for ventilation, and remember not to give the patient any medicine. 2, quickly call the 120 emergency number, before the arrival of the ambulance, must ensure that the patient’s airway is open, loosen the patient’s collar, remove the dentures if there are dentures, put the patient in a lateral position, head back, so that it is easy for oral secretions to flow out on their own, to avoid accidental inhalation and facilitate the timely removal of oral secretions. 3. If the patient is unconscious and makes a strong snoring sound, it means that his tongue root has fallen down, so use a handkerchief or gauze to wrap the patient’s tongue and gently pull it outward. 4.Cold towel or ice water bag can be used to cover the patient’s head, because the blood vessels contract when they are cold, which can reduce the amount of bleeding. On the way to the hospital, the vehicle should be driven as smoothly as possible to reduce bumps and shocks. At the same time, elevate the patient’s head slightly and maintain a 20-degree angle with the ground, and keep an eye on changes in the condition. Second, how to prevent brain hemorrhage? 1, hypertensive patients, in daily life, especially on cold days, need to pay attention to monitoring blood pressure, preferably measured once a day. Medication should not follow the feeling, according to medical advice reasonable medication, can not stop medication. Especially pay attention to the changes in blood pressure in the morning, midday and evening, blood pressure is high, under the guidance of doctors to adjust the drugs in a timely manner to reduce the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular hidden danger. 2, maintain a good state of mind and avoid being too excited. Be calm, reduce worries, do not be overly sad and happy, indifferent to fame and fortune, and be happy with what you have. 3, diet should pay attention to low fat, low salt, low sugar. Eat less animal brain, offal, eat more fresh vegetables, fruits, soy products, with the right amount of lean meat, fish, egg products. Do not drink too much alcohol, alcohol will make blood pressure fluctuations are particularly large, very easy to trigger cerebral hemorrhage. 4, the prevention of constipation is also very important point. Dry stool, bowel movements, not only the abdominal pressure rises, blood pressure and intracranial pressure also rose, it is easy to make the fragile small blood vessels rupture and cause cerebral hemorrhage. To prevent constipation, eat more fiber-rich foods, such as green vegetables, celery, leeks and fruits. Perform appropriate exercise, abdominal self-care massage before waking up in the morning, and in severe cases, use appropriate drugs such as marijuana pills, oral honey or corkage, glycerin for external use, etc., can effectively prevent and treat constipation.