Mucosal elevation in the lower esophagus can be seen in Barrett’s esophagus, adenocarcinoma, polyp in the lower esophagus, leukoplakia, esophageal cardia cancer, etc. According to the situation, it is necessary to carry out gastroscopy biopsy, ultrasonic endoscopy and other examinations to clarify the cause of the disease and then carry out treatment, such as taking drugs such as Omeprazole, etc. or surgical treatment. Barrett’s esophagus refers to columnar epithelial hyperplasia in the distal esophagus, most of them are precancerous lesions of esophageal adenocarcinoma, and there can be elevation of mucous membrane in the lower part of esophagus, which can be treated with proton-pump inhibitors such as omeprazole sodium and domperidone to reduce gastroesophageal reflux, and other treatments. Benign esophageal tumors are rare, including smooth muscle tumors, papillomas, lipomas and neurofibromas, etc. When benign tumors are large, obstruction can cause dysphagia or chest pain. Malignant tumors of the lower esophagus can be seen in adenocarcinoma, esophageal cardia cancer, and dysphagia, lack of appetite, and weight loss appear when there is luminal lesion. When the mucosal elevation of the esophagus is found, no matter benign or malignant lesions are considered, gastroscopic biopsy and ultrasonic endoscopy are needed to further understand the nature of the lesion, and timely surgical resection or chemotherapeutic treatment should be performed. The discovery of lower esophageal mucosal bulge needs to be clarified in a timely manner, under the guidance of physicians to avoid misdiagnosis and mistreatment.