Colorectal cancer is a common malignant tumor in China, and radical surgical resection is the only effective treatment at present. Traditional surgical treatment is open resection and lymph node dissection, which has such disadvantages as large trauma, slow recovery and many complications. Compared with traditional surgery, laparoscopic radical surgery has the advantages of small abdominal incision, fine surgical operation, less interference with gastrointestinal tract, clear vision, less bleeding, less tumor extrusion during surgery, fast postoperative recovery, less postoperative intestinal adhesions and light postoperative pain. The key to the effectiveness of laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery is that the principle of tumor-free malignant tumor must be observed. Due to the magnification of laparoscopic field of view, the anatomical structure is more recognizable and the tissue gap is easier to find, and the possibility of tumor cell detachment is reduced by less squeezing and pulling on the tumor; the presacral nerve, seminal vesicles, vaginal rectal gap and prostatic rectal gap which are not easily revealed by traditional open surgery can be clearly revealed, which is helpful to reduce unnecessary injury and bleeding. The scope of resection and lymph node dissection are the main factors for complete radical treatment of malignant tumors. Lacy et al. showed that for stage I and II colorectal cancer patients, there was no difference in surgical results between the laparoscopic and traditional open surgery groups. In contrast, for stage III cases, the 5-year postoperative survival rate was significantly higher in the laparoscopic surgery group than in the traditional open surgery group.