(Disclaimer: This article is for general use only. To protect patient privacy, information in the following content has been processed) Abstract: Yang Yang, a 4-year-old boy, was brought to our hospital by his parents during summer vacation due to ear pain and hearing loss. Therefore, Yang Yang was treated with adenoidectomy, tympanotomy and tube placement, and has now fully recovered from his condition. The treatment plan was surgical treatment (adenoidectomy, tympanotomy and tube placement), and the treatment period was 1 week of hospitalization and intermittent review. His parents said that Yang Yang had been talking loudly for the past few days, and that he could not hear him when he spoke in a normal voice, and that he had been crying at night, saying that his ears hurt. Through electro otoscopy, it was found that there was fluid in the tympanic membrane of both ears, and the hearing test indicated a hearing threshold of 46dB in both ears, which is a moderate conductive hearing loss, and confirmed the diagnosis of secretory otitis media. Since secretory otitis media is commonly caused by obstruction of the eustachian tube, we asked Yang Yang’s parents if Yang Yang had any respiratory-related symptoms, and Yang Yang’s parents thought that Yang Yang had a previous history of sleeping with his mouth open and snoring. I further examined Yang Yang Yang’s nasopharynx through nasopharyngoscopy and found that Yang Yang Yang had adenoid hypertrophy, blocking about 90% of the posterior nostril. It was determined that the adenoids were blocking the opening of the eustachian tube and causing secretory otitis media. Treatment After talking with Yang Yang’s parents and conducting electro otoscopy and nasopharyngoscopy, it was determined that Yang Yang’s ear pain and hearing loss were caused by the eustachian tube opening being blocked by the enlarged adenoids, which prevented the normal flow of fluid in the middle ear to the nasopharynx and led to secretory otitis media in the middle ear. After explaining the cause to Yang Yang’s parents, I suggested endoscopic adenoidectomy to remove the enlarged adenoids and open the opening of the eustachian tube to prevent the middle ear from being blocked again, as well as tympanotomy with tube placement, in which a small hole is made in the eardrum and a small tube is placed to help middle ear fluid drain. Yang Yang’s parents agreed to the surgical plan. After preparing for the surgery, I performed adenoide scraping and tympanotomy with tube placement under general anesthesia to remove the enlarged adenoids and place a tube through the tympanotomy. The surgery was successful, and Yang Yang was hospitalized for 1 week and no complications were observed. In the first 3 months, the patient was reviewed monthly, and electro otoscopy and nasopharyngoscopy were performed, and it was found that the disease had recovered well, the symptoms of ear pain were gradually reduced, the hearing was recovered more, and the tympanic ventilation tube was in place. IV. Precautions 1. My heart was happy to see that Yang Yang’s symptoms were improving. After the surgery, parents need to take good care of the disease, pay attention to the cleanliness of the mouth and ear canal, and take more rest to avoid wound dehiscence or infection, which may affect wound healing; 2. If Yang Yang accidentally catches a cold during the recovery period, it may aggravate the symptoms of nasopharyngeal blockage, which is not conducive to disease recovery, so try to take good warmth measures to avoid catching a cold. Even after catching a cold, you should avoid blowing your nose hard to avoid wound dehiscence; 3. During the post-operative rest period at home, you need to pay attention not to exercise vigorously to avoid dislodging the tympanic tube. You should also go to the hospital regularly for review to observe the recovery and whether the tympanic tube is in place; 4. Avoid eating spicy and irritating food to avoid aggravating the inflammatory reaction, and eat more nutritious food, such as milk and eggs. In addition to infection and other factors, blockage of the eustachian tube is also a common cause of secretory otitis media, such as adenoid hypertrophy and chronic sinusitis, which can cause blockage of the eustachian tube and lead to ear pain and hearing loss. Patients should also go to the hospital as soon as possible for targeted treatment to avoid delaying the development of the disease.