Eating too much or using highly effective antiretroviral therapy during the incubation period can cause patients to gain weight. When a patient is in the incubation period of AIDS, the body’s immunity has not declined to a normal level, and is not prone to various types of infections, which makes the body consume too much, but if the patient is supplemented with high-protein food every day, it will cause symptoms such as obesity. Highly effective antiretroviral therapy belongs to the lifelong treatment of AIDS, and its common adverse reaction is fat metabolism disorder caused by fat accumulation, which will lead to fat. Normally, more outdoor exercise, diet control, pay attention to keep warm, do not overwork, and enhance the body’s immunity is the most effective way to fight against fat. Regular checkups in the hospital during the incubation period and the use of antiviral drugs as prescribed by the doctor can greatly improve the prognosis.