Esophageal bulging may be due to external compressive bulging such as mediastinal space-occupying lesions, prominent external compression of the aortic arch, or it may be due to submucosal lesions of the esophagus, the latter of which can usually be resected. Since the esophagus is located in the posterior mediastinum, adjacent to the aorta, occupying lesions of the posterior mediastinum or protruding external pressure of the aortic arch can appear as posterior mediastinal occupations, which compress the local esophageal tissues, and can result in externally pressurized esophageal augmentation, which usually doesn’t need to be resected, and extra-esophageal diseases can be diagnosed by examinations such as CT of the chest. The augmentation disappears after treating lesions such as posterior mediastinal occupations, aortic aneurysms, and so on. If there are submucosal lesions of the esophagus, such as esophageal smooth muscle tumor, esophageal mesenchymal tumor, esophageal adenoma and other lesions, which can directly cause esophageal bulge, can be detected through chest CT examination, endoscopic ultrasonography, and after the diagnosis is clear, surgical resection is usually required. If patients find esophageal bulging during examination, it is recommended to seek medical treatment in time, and under the guidance of doctors, improve the relevant examination to clarify whether resection is needed and take corresponding treatment measures.