Laparoscopic surgery is a procedure that has been widely performed and popular among patients in the last decade or so. Compared with traditional open surgery, it can reduce the surgical trauma, significantly shorten the hospital stay and reduce the patient’s hospital cost. It has long been widely used in gallbladder removal, gastrointestinal, obstetrical and gynecological and urological surgeries. How is laparoscopic surgery done? The surgeon makes three small holes, the size of a nickel coin, in the abdomen of the appropriate area to be operated on. Carbon dioxide gas is injected into one of the holes to create an “artificial pneumoperitoneum” environment, which relies on the pressure of the gas to expose the surgical field and facilitate the operation. The surgeon then places a camera into the abdominal cavity through the other hole and performs the operation through a monitor screen. After the operation, the gas is released and the small hole is sutured to complete the surgical procedure. Among the obstetrical and gynecological surgeries after pneumoperitoneum, the patient’s position has to be adjusted to a head-down position (tilted 30° to 45° to the side of the head), and the operation takes an average of 2 to 3 hours. Because of the special nature of laparoscopic surgery, general anesthesia should be the preferred method of anesthesia in order to reduce the patient’s discomfort caused by pneumoperitoneum or body position. General anesthesia not only increases patient comfort, but also counteracts the pathophysiological changes (changes in respiratory function and hemodynamics, etc.) caused by artificial pneumoperitoneum or body position on the patient. Therefore, general anesthesia for laparoscopic surgery differs from general anesthesia for other procedures, being more technically challenging and carrying greater anesthetic risks.