Minimally invasive concepts and methods in surgery are now widely recognized and pursued by the industry and society, and have gradually emerged from the mysterious and rejected state of the recent past, and are rapidly developing towards the trend of promotion and popularity. Laparoscopic surgery is a typical representative of the development of this trend in general surgery. Since laparoscopic surgery for gastrointestinal tumors, especially malignant tumors, is relatively difficult and technically demanding, many people still have questions and concerns about these surgeries, thus causing patients and their families, and even treating physicians, to be uncertain about what is the best choice when faced with the choice of surgical modality. If they have an objective understanding of the pros and cons of laparoscopic gastrointestinal tumor surgery, this problem will be solved, and the family members and patients will choose the surgical modality that really suits them, and the treating physicians will not intentionally or unintentionally mislead the patients in choosing the surgical modality because of their own technical and understanding limitations. In fact, laparoscopic gastrointestinal tumor surgery is essentially the operation requirements of the standardized surgery that can meet or even exceed the requirements of conventional open surgery without opening the abdominal cavity with the help of modern surveillance and imaging equipment and the use of corresponding operating instruments. It is this change that brings great benefits to the patient, as evidenced by the significant reduction in the damage to the abdominal wall and the reduction of the incision from about 20 cm to about 3-5 cm, please do not underestimate the significance of this change in the incision, which is also evidenced by the reduction in the degree of damage to the abdominal wall. The impact on abdominal breathing also decreases, while the pain decreases and the functional and psychological damage to the organism after surgery decreases significantly. In addition, the status of the postoperative abdominal wall appearance and the speed of recovery are obvious advantages of laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery, but in fact, in addition to these visible advantages, there is a more important invisible advantage that laparoscopic surgery has less negative impact on the patient’s immune function. The immune function plays an extremely important role in the patient’s ability to resist tumors, and many existing studies have shown that laparoscopic surgery has relatively less interference with the immune function of the body compared with conventional open surgery, which is one of the reasons why laparoscopic gastrointestinal malignancy surgery is becoming more and more accepted in clinical practice. Of course, laparoscopic gastrointestinal tumor surgery does not have all advantages but no disadvantages, for example, the most prominent problem is the high cost, which greatly limits its application and promotion. Secondly, not all practitioners are able to adapt to the requirements of this surgery because of the high skill requirements of the treating physicians, which also limits the promotion and popularity of laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery from another side. As for when the tumor is too large, it is not suitable for laparoscopic surgery. Patients with cardiopulmonary insufficiency who cannot tolerate prolonged surgery and patients of advanced age are relative contraindications to laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery. As for tumor implantation in the perforation hole or pneumoperitoneum to promote peritoneal tumor implantation, there is no definite evidence-based medical evidence, and thus has gradually faded from the focus of debate. However, as patients and family members as well as treating physicians, when choosing surgical methods, they must objectively and rationally make comprehensive analysis according to specific conditions, patient status, family status and technical characteristics of treating physicians, and should not blindly follow the wind or be paranoid and old-fashioned.