Lung atrophy is a pathological change in which the lung tissue atrophies and shrinks. Lung atrophy can be caused by a variety of reasons, the most common being infectious inflammation of the lungs, such as bacterial infection or tuberculosis infection, which, when not treated promptly and effectively, leads to severe damage to the lung tissue, which gradually collapses and atrophies, thereby losing the normal function of the lung tissue. Therefore, lung atrophy often manifests itself as a significant reduction in the size of the lung tissue and a depression or collapse of the lung tissue. Lung atrophy can also be seen as a congenital factor. As lung atrophy can lead to a serious decrease in lung function afterwards, it can cause symptoms such as chest tightness, shortness of breath, and difficulty in breathing, and in severe cases, the atrophied lung tissue needs to be surgically removed to relieve the problem.