Necrotizing small bowel colitis in preterm infants generally has a higher likelihood of being saved if prompt and effective treatment measures are taken. The treatment of necrotizing small bowel colitis in preterm infants varies depending on the degree of the disease. Conservative treatment, including fasting, gastrointestinal decompression, anti-infection and supportive therapy, is usually an option for milder cases, and some preterm infants can be cured with conservative treatment. When preterm infants have abdominal distension, worsening of blood in the stool, physical examination reveals hypotension, abdominal masses, laboratory tests suggest thrombocytopenia, granulocytopenia, acid-base balance disorders, electrolyte disorders, abdominal imaging suggests ascites, intestinal peristalsis is reduced or disappeared, suggesting that the conservative medical treatment is ineffective or the condition has progressed, it is necessary to consider surgical treatment, and generally can be cured. Parents of preterm infants with necrotizing small bowel colitis should actively cooperate with the doctor’s treatment, which will help improve the cure rate.