“Regular developmental screening of preterm infants is necessary to allow them to grow smoothly and catch up with full-term infants early.” Follow-up monitoring of preterm infants includes: Neuromotor system assessment: Healthy preterm infants tend to catch up with the neuromotor development of normal full-term infants of the same age 1-2 years after birth, during which the gap with full-term infants of the same age should gradually decrease as they get older. Scientific studies have proven that the younger the infant is, the faster the brain growth and development, the stronger the plasticity, and the better the compensatory capacity for brain damage. The development of the strongest plasticity and compensatory capacity in early infancy requires rich environmental stimulation. Environmental stimulation is transmitted to the brain through the senses of sight, hearing, skin touch, and movement. Our scientific guidance is designed to provide infants with abundant external stimulation to promote brain development, especially during the first year of life, a crucial year for promoting intellectual and motor development in particular. Nutrition, physical development assessment: Premature infants will be discharged from the hospital with formative feeding problems, such as feeding difficulties, uncoordinated sucking and swallowing, and inadequate caloric intake. Good nutrition is the necessary foundation for promoting brain and physical growth and development. Premature infants should be evaluated using age-corrected growth charts. In clinical practice, it is often found that parents of preterm babies ignore the prematurity factor when exchanging parenting experiences with other parents, and often give incorrect parenting to their preterm babies. Parents of preterm babies must clarify the concept that complementary food addition, micronutrient and vitamin supplementation for preterm babies are different from those for full-term babies, and must be done under the guidance of a doctor. For preterm infants, physical growth is usually up to 40 months of age, head circumference at 18 months of age, and weight at 24 months of age, and can be evaluated directly according to actual age. Visual assessment, hearing screening: Many preterm infants discharged from the NICU have the potential to develop retinopathy of prematurity, while strabismus and myopia are common among preterm infants, so vision screening and follow-up for preterm infants should involve an ophthalmologist. All preterm infants should be screened for hearing, and if they fail the initial screening, they should be rescreened, and those with suspicious or abnormalities should be referred promptly. Mental, language, social-emotional and behavioral development assessment: Mental, language and psychological development of preterm infants is always a concern for parents. A professional child health practitioner will perform a standard diagnostic assessment, using a developmental quotient or IQ rating, and develop an intervention plan or referral to a developmental specialist for children with suspected or abnormalities.