With the development of our society and advances in perinatal medicine and neonatology, the survival rate of premature infants is increasing, and the systemic diseases that accompany these immature infants are becoming increasingly prominent, among which the eye abnormality of particular interest is retinopathy of prematurity, or ROP, which is a major blinding eye disease in infancy and childhood, causing a great economic and social burden. In response, the Ministry of Health issued the “Guidelines for the Treatment of Premature Infants with Oxygen and Prevention of Retinopathy of Prematurity” in 2004. The guidelines standardize the screening criteria for oxygen therapy and ROP in preterm infants, stipulating that preterm and low birth weight infants with birth weight less than 2000g should be screened for fundus pathology, and the first examination should start at 4-6 weeks after birth or 32 weeks of corrected gestational age, with follow-up until peripheral retinal vascularization. The scope of screening for preterm and full-term infants with serious diseases can be expanded appropriately. However, in actual clinical work, the author found that fundus screening for preterm infants at this stage in our region is far from being as standardized as stipulated in the guidelines, and there are characteristics of late first examination and high missed follow-up rate, which greatly increases the possibility of missing the best treatment for children with severe ROP. Four cases of children with severe ROP that the author encountered in her recent work are analyzed as follows: Child 1, female, 32+2 weeks’ gestation, birth weight 1650 g. She was hospitalized for 22 days in a provincial hospital after birth due to apnea, infection, and diabetic mother neonate. She was seen at 61 days after birth (41 weeks corrected gestational age). Examination revealed unsatisfactory pupillary dilatation in both eyes, absence of neovascularization in the iris, stage 2 preplus in zone 2 of the right eye and stage 3 preplus in zone 2 of the left eye, and straightening of the temporal vascular arch distraction. He had been hospitalized in our neonatal unit for nearly 1 month. At the time of discharge, the treating physician ordered a fundus examination at the ophthalmology clinic at the designated time, but the parents did not comply with the order because they thought the child was too small and weak and did not pay enough attention to the fundus examination. She was seen at 7 months postnatal (corrected gestational age 58 weeks). The examination revealed stage 4 ROP in the right eye and stage 5 ROP in the left eye with a small cornea. Child 3, male, 28 weeks’ gestation, birth weight 1100 g, one of two children. He was hospitalized in a municipal hospital for 2 months after birth due to apnea, ischemic-hypoxic encephalopathy, and anemia. During the hospitalization, the treating physician ordered to come to our center for fundus screening. The parents thought the child was too weak and in poor physical condition, and asked their friend who was a doctor if they could wait until the child was older before conducting the screening, to which their friend replied yes. He was then seen almost 5 months after birth (corrected gestational age 44+4 weeks). The examination revealed stage 1 ROP in zone 2 of the left eye and stage 4 ROP in the right eye. child 4, male, 30+1 weeks gestation, birth weight 1400 g. History of pneumonia, jaundice, anemia and blood transfusion after birth, the rest is unknown. He was seen 4.5 months after birth (49 weeks corrected gestational age). The examination revealed stage 4 ROP in the right eye and stage 3 ROP with vitreous hemorrhage in the left eye. All of these children except child 1 were diagnosed with severe ROP, which is a serious blinding eye disease. All of the children were not screened on time according to the Ministry of Health screening standards, which delayed the early detection and treatment. Most of the reasons were due to parents’ lack of awareness of the disease, delaying eye exams simply because they were concerned about their children and worried that they were too frail, but not realizing that once a child develops severe ROP, even with treatment, it can still lead to lifelong low vision or even blindness. The bottom line is that this condition could have been avoided with timely treatment before the disease progressed to stage 4/5. What is even more distressing is that a parent friend who is a medical practitioner gave the wrong guidance, which cannot fail to wake us up. Through these typical cases, we as medical workers are reminded of the need to further strengthen publicity and education. In addition, I would also like to remind parents that the true act of love, care and responsibility is to choose the correct treatment plan and procedures for their children, and not to make unscientific decisions for their children as the above parents did, resulting in lifelong remorse.