Renal puncture can help diagnose kidney disease, clarify the cause of the disease and make targeted treatment, so it can promote the recovery of kidney function from the side. In the clinic, it can be used for confirming the diagnosis of kidney diseases, treating them and judging the prognosis. 1. In nephrology, it is mainly used for confirming the diagnosis of glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, IgA nephropathy and other diseases, differentiating the pathological types of renal diseases, and according to the examination results, it can help the doctors to formulate precise treatment plans and judge the prognosis, which is conducive to the recovery of the disease. 2. In urology, hydronephrosis, renal pus and other obstructive diseases can be treated by renal puncture fistula to drain urine or pus, control infection and improve renal function. Of course, renal puncture also has risks, it belongs to the injurious examination, may lead to bleeding of renal tissue, at present, renal puncture is carried out under the guidance of color ultrasound, the technology is more mature, the incidence of complications is very low. In conclusion, renal puncture is still necessary for kidney diseases with unclear diagnosis and unsatisfactory treatment effect. It is recommended to follow the guidance of professional doctors whether kidney puncture is needed.