”Congenital megacolon” is a common congenital intestinal disorder in infancy and is one of the most important causes of constipation in babies. According to statistics, one out of 5000 newborns will suffer from this disease. It is due to the absence of ganglion cells in the intestinal canal (rectum and sigmoid colon), which is in a spastic and narrowed state for a long time, resulting in the loss of normal peristaltic and defecation functions, and the accumulation of feces and intestinal gas in the proximal colon, resulting in the secondary expansion and hypertrophy of the proximal colon and the gradual change of megacolon. Most children do not have normal fecal discharge within 48-72 hours after birth, or only a small amount of fecal discharge, accompanied by abdominal distension, vomiting and other symptoms of incomplete intestinal obstruction. In a small number of children, the symptoms of intestinal obstruction are not obvious, with persistent constipation as the main symptom. The constipation becomes more and more serious, the abdomen is obviously distended, the belly is thin and tight, and even the veins under the skin are prominent, and the abdomen is as big as a drum. The child is often crying and restless, refusing to eat, vomiting and poor digestion and absorption. After dilation and laxation or enema, more gas and feces are discharged and the abdominal distension is then reduced, but afterwards the constipation returns as before. Some children also have small intestinal colitis: fever, bloating and diarrhea, and in severe cases, sepsis is life-threatening. The above symptoms must be diagnosed by going to a specialized hospital for relevant tests, such as abdominal X-ray and barium enema, rectal mucosal biopsy, and rectal and anal canal pressure measurement. The radical treatment for the correction of megacolon is surgery. The part of the intestine without the ganglion of the intestinal wall is removed, and the end of the rectum is anastomosed with the colon, preserving the anal sphincter. With modern advances in pediatric surgery and anesthesia techniques, radical surgery can be performed in infancy. Children with less severe symptoms can be treated conservatively with regular enemas and oral laxative medications such as lactulose or herbal medicine.