Melasma is a light brown patch that occurs on the face of young and middle-aged women, especially on highly exposed areas such as the forehead, nose and cheeks. Melasma at the corners of the eyes is also a manifestation type of melasma. The occurrence of melasma has very complicated factors and many causes. The first one is the level of sex hormones. There is a high incidence of melasma in women during pregnancy, which tends to improve after delivery, and this melasma is associated with hormone levels. The second is ultraviolet radiation. Ultraviolet radiation is one of the most important reasons for the occurrence and aggravation of facial pigmentation. UV light will activate melanocytes on the surface of the skin, causing skin discoloration. The third is heredity. Studies show that 48% of melasma patients have a family history of heredity, especially the incidence is higher among first-degree relatives. In addition, bad skin care habits, which destroy the barrier function of the skin, will also aggravate the superficial melasma. Mental tension and anxiety can cause the aggravation of facial pigmentation. Since the causes of melasma are complex, comprehensive treatment is recommended. First of all, you need to change the bad habits, pay attention to sun protection and remove the triggers that cause melasma. It is recommended to use safe skin care products to reduce the damage of skin barrier function, not to stay up late, to keep a regular life and to achieve strict sun protection during the treatment process. In terms of topical medication, hydroquinone cream can be chosen for the treatment of melasma. Hydroquinone itself is a kind of tyrosinase inhibiting drug that can play a role in whitening. In addition, skin care products containing vitamin C, azelaic acid and arbutin with whitening ingredients can also be used. In terms of systemic medication, melasma can be treated with oral vitamin C, tranexamic acid, and glutathione drugs. Among them, tranexamic acid is a hemostatic drug, and studies have found that oral administration of this drug has a good whitening effect. Vitamin C and glutathione have a good antioxidant effect, using the principle of antioxidant to play a whitening effect. In terms of medical treatment, melasma can be treated with fruit acid peeling, which can accelerate the metabolism of melanin on the surface and play a whitening role. In addition, there are laser and photoelectric treatments, such as the popular picosecond laser and intense pulsed light are very good treatments.