There are many reasons for cranial defects, such as traffic accidents, production safety accidents, falling objects, fights and so on, all of which may cause serious cranial injuries and damage to the skull, which ultimately forms a cranial defect. In fact, there is another important reason why cranial defects may remain after some craniotomy surgeries. Cranial defects are a relatively common condition in neurosurgery. After the occurrence of cranial defects, it will have a great adverse effect on the human organism, not only is it very dangerous, easy to injure the brain tissue or even directly endanger life due to external impact or bumping, but also the cranial defects will make the intracranial environment change dramatically, the intracranial pressure is unstable, the cerebral blood circulation, the blood circulation and so on are interfered with, and the normal play of the brain and nerve function is affected, resulting in a series of cranial defect syndrome, and it will also cause psychological problems to the patients. It will also cause great harm to the patient’s psychology, and the patient is prone to have low self-esteem and depression. Therefore, after the occurrence of cranial defect, it is necessary to carry out cranial bone repair in a timely manner. Currently, the medical profession uses the new polyetheretherketone peek material for cranial bone repair, and constantly carry out technical innovation and upgrading and material optimization design, but also innovative introduction of the concept of cosmetic plastic surgery, so as to comprehensively carry out the peek cranial bone repair, can achieve anatomical integrity, perfect function, beautiful appearance of the good results, by the majority of patients with cranial defects and their families unanimously recognized by the praise.