Hepatitis B is caused by the hepatitis B virus, commonly known as “hepatitis B”. A, the main ways of transmission of hepatitis B: 1, blood transmission: including the input of blood from the infected person, blood products and receive needles, teeth, blood tests, vaccinations, hemodialysis and other medical examinations and other medical treatment activities, because the equipment is not sterilized and caused by infection. Close contact: The blood, saliva, semen and vaginal secretions of the infected person have been found to contain the virus, so close contact in daily life, such as sharing eating utensils, toothbrushes and teacups, kissing and sexual intercourse, may also cause transmission. 3, perinatal transmission: used to be called vertical transmission, refers to pregnant women are hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers or hepatitis B occurred during pregnancy, during pregnancy, delivery and newborn breastfeeding, nursing and other processes caused by the transmission. This mode of transmission is recognized as an important mode of transmission in areas with a high prevalence of hepatitis B. Infants with high surface antigen titers or e antigen positivity in maternal blood have a high rate of infection. The onset of the disease is usually slow, with poor appetite, fatigue, abdominal discomfort and vague pain in the right rib cage. In some cases, jaundice, arthralgia, skin rash and low-grade fever may occur. In severe cases, acute or subacute hepatic necrosis may occur and death may occur within a short period of time due to acute liver failure. About 10-15% develop chronicity, and some may go on to develop cirrhosis. The high number of people suffering from hepatitis B and the high rate of infection are sufficient to show that it is a serious health hazard. It should be seriously prevented, cut off all kinds of transmission channels, to: 1, strengthen the management of blood donation work. 2.Do not abuse blood products. 3.Strengthen the disinfection of various medical and examination supplies, prohibit drug use and tattooing, and pay attention to the cleanliness of utensils in the process of shaving, ear piercing and pedicure. 4.Avoid close contact with patients. For those who have close contact with patients, inject hepatitis B vaccine or hepatitis B high-efficiency immunoglobulin, and strengthen disinfection treatment of patients’ daily necessities. 5.When one or both spouses are hepatitis B infected, they must be careful in pregnancy and childbirth, and it is best to consult a doctor to avoid passing the hepatitis B virus to the child. 6.If the mother is a hepatitis B patient, the baby should be injected with high-efficiency immunoglobulin immediately after birth, and contact the mother only after the injection, and be vaccinated against hepatitis B as a rule. 7.In order to protect the health of children, we have now implemented a comprehensive hepatitis B vaccination among children, and adults should also be vaccinated against hepatitis B. 8, for hepatitis B patients should be cautious with liver damage tetracycline, chloramphenicol, sulfonamides, anti-TB drugs, etc.; life quit smoking and alcohol; after discharge from the hospital to regularly recheck liver function and do pathogenic tests to observe the long-term effect. Second, the understanding of hepatitis B five myths: Myth 1: Hepatitis B patients can not contact with others Hepatitis B does not spread through the air, digestive tract or diet. The same room work, talk, eat together will not be infected. Kissing is also not contagious unless there is a break in the digestive tract or mouth. However, it is advisable to use communal chopsticks and share meals. Hepatitis B is also generally not transmitted to others through shaking hands, unless both hands are cracked and bleeding. Hepatitis B patients will not transmit hepatitis B to others as long as they keep their toothbrushes, toothpaste and razors separate from others in their daily lives and women with hepatitis B pay attention to menstrual hygiene. Hepatitis B surface antigen carriers with normal liver function can go to school, work, and live like healthy people. Myth 2: Virus carriers cannot get married and have children Hepatitis B patients can get married and have children, but the marriage should master the right method and timing, preferably after the hepatitis B is converted to a small three positive or simple hepatitis B virus carriers through treatment. In addition, if you are the spouse of a person with hepatitis B, you must be tested for hepatitis B and liver function and be vaccinated. This is the only most effective and economical way to block transmission. If the newborn is born to an HBsAg positive mother, hepatitis B immunoglobulin should be administered as soon as possible within 24 hours of birth, preferably within 12 hours of birth. If the female partner is a major or minor hepatitis B patient or the male partner has a positive indicator for hepatitis B virus, vaccination will protect more than 95% of newborns from vertical transmission from their hepatitis B parents. If the hepatitis B patient was originally sick and unwell, and after treatment in a regular hospital, he has obtained a clinical cure, his condition has been stable for more than a year, his body does not feel any discomfort and his liver function is always normal, he can also get married and have children at this time. Myth 3: Hepatitis B mothers cannot breastfeed Hepatitis B patients with positive HBsAg in their breast milk may transmit the hepatitis B virus. The clearance rate of hepatitis B virus is higher with breastfeeding than with bottle-feeding. Newborns must be injected with hepatitis B immunoglobulin and hepatitis B vaccine within 24 hours after birth so that the infant can largely avoid contracting the hepatitis B virus through breastfeeding. However, it should be noted that bleeding nipples and ulcers are not suitable for breastfeeding, and the mother’s hands should be sterilized before breastfeeding. Myth 4: Patients or carriers can be vaccinated Once you have hepatitis B or become a hepatitis B carrier, the vaccine is useless. Patients or carriers of hepatitis B should go to the hospital to receive medication. Myth 5: Hepatitis B is an incurable disease Hepatitis B virus is the second most carcinogenic factor known, after tobacco. There is no cure for hepatitis B, but hepatitis B is not an incurable disease. Hepatitis B treatment mainly includes antiviral, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and liver-protective, anti-fibrotic and symptomatic treatment, of which antiviral treatment is the key. The goal of clinical cure can be achieved through treatment. The most common reason for delaying the treatment of hepatitis B is to look for “secret” and “partial” prescriptions for “cure” and “complete conversion”, instead of going to a regular hospital for treatment. This is the most common reason for delaying the disease.