The lumbar region is a very important part of the human body and is traditionally associated with many organs, including the lumbar muscles, nerves, kidneys, lumbar spine and other organs and tissues. Therefore lumbar discomfort is very often related to these organs and tissues. And many people have the belief that the waist is most closely related to the kidneys, and think that waist discomfort is a bad kidney. And the concept of kidney in Chinese medicine and Western medicine is completely different, Chinese medicine theory that the function of the kidney is: the main collection of essence, host the body’s growth and development and reproduction, is the source of life. Kidney essence can also transform and fill the brain. The main water, which presides over and regulates the metabolism of water and fluid in the body. In Western medicine, the kidney is considered to have three major functions: 1) eliminating toxins produced in the body and maintaining electrolyte balance; 2) maintaining volume balance, adjusting the body to maintain fluid balance according to the amount of water intake; 3) endocrine function, which can secrete hormones such as erythropoietin and renin to promote hematopoiesis and regulate blood pressure, etc. Therefore, the kidney in Chinese medicine includes the kidney and part of the reproductive system functions inside the Western medical system. Western medicine believes that kidney problems can be divided into nephrology and urology. Nephrology mainly deals with chronic nephritis, renal failure and hemodialysis peritoneal dialysis, while urology mainly deals with kidney stones, kidney tumors, urinary tract stones and bladder and urethra problems. The two are complementary to each other, whereas TCM is not broken down in this way. In Western medicine, nephritis is mainly handled by nephrologists, and the main manifestations are back pain, weakness, swelling, hematuria and foamy urine, while laboratory results reveal proteinuria, hematuria and elevated blood creatinine. These are considered as nephritis after appearing, and need to be actively treated in nephrology. Most patients need to perform kidney biopsy to clarify the nature of the lesion through pathological diagnosis and obtain the best treatment plan, and most patients need to take medication for long-term control. While kidney stones, kidney tumors or bladder problems may manifest as back pain and meatus hematuria, most of these conditions need surgical treatment. And the symptoms of kidney deficiency in Chinese medicine are divided into kidney yin deficiency and kidney yang deficiency. Kidney yin deficiency mainly manifests as soreness and weakness of the waist and knees, dizziness and tinnitus, loose teeth and hair loss; insomnia, forgetfulness, dryness of the mouth and throat, and irritable heat in the five hearts. This condition should be treated by nourishing the kidney yin, and the formula should be Liu Wei Di Huang Wan. Kidney Yang deficiency is manifested as soreness and weakness of the waist and knees, fear of cold limbs, depression, loss of libido, frequent nocturnal urination, etc. The treatment should be to warm the kidney and strengthen the yang, the formula is used Jin Kui Kidney Qi Pill. Therefore, Chinese medicine kidney deficiency must be dialectical treatment, not just use their own medicine. However, many people think that the kidney is the cause of the discomfort in the back, in fact, in addition to the kidney cause, there are other factors that can cause discomfort such as lumbar acidity and back pain. Common causes are the following: First: due to lumbar spine lesions. Such as rheumatoid spondylitis accumulated lumbar, lumbar spine osteophytes, tuberculous spondylitis, lumbar spine trauma and lumbar disc herniation. Second: caused by spinal cord and spinal nerve disorders. Such as spinal cord compression, acute myelitis, radiculitis, spinal cord tumors and other caused by the lumbago. Third: caused by disorders of the lumbar spine, bone and joint and surrounding soft tissues. Such as lumbar muscle strain, myofibrosis, and local injury, bleeding, edema, adhesion and muscle spasm caused by contusion and sprain. Fourth: caused by mental factors. If a hysterical patient may also complain of lumbar disease, but there are no objective signs, or the objective examination and subjective narrative cannot be explained by knowledge of physiological anatomy and pathology, this lumbar pain is often a manifestation of hysteria. Fifth, due to long-term lack of exercise and maintain a fixed sitting posture in the office work done, or a period of overexertion can also cause lumbago and lumbago. Therefore, lumbago is a common symptom for many people and should never be equated with nephritis and should not be taken by random drugs. It needs to be examined in a hospital and may involve orthopedic, psychiatric and other conditions. It is necessary to examine carefully to clarify the different causes and then treat the symptoms according to the different causes to receive the best results.