Traditional open thyroidectomy is the classic surgical procedure for benign and malignant thyroid tumors, which is safe, effective and straightforward. However, the biggest disadvantage of this procedure is the surgical scar of about 5 cm left in the neck. Since thyroid disorders are mostly seen in women and the neck is very important in terms of local appearance, surgeons are constantly trying to find solutions to the surgical incision in the neck. There is certainly a way to completely eliminate neck thyroid surgery scars, which is to make incisions through the chest and armpits and complete thyroid surgery through long handled surgical instruments. For experienced surgeons, this method can completely eliminate surgical scars on the neck and have the best cosmetic results, but during the procedure, a larger area of skin between the chest and armpit incisions and the neck has to be separated, and like a tent needs to be jacked up to complete the surgical operation, with some patients experiencing more pronounced pain, and numbness in the chest for about 6 months. Moreover, for older patients, it is easy to cause fluid accumulation after the operation. Another method is endoscopic-assisted minimally invasive thyroid surgery. The difference between this method and the traditional surgical method is that it needs to be guided with the help of an endoscope and the operation of the surgery needs to be done with the assistance of special instruments. However, the biggest advantage of this surgery is that the incision is only about 2cm, less than half of the traditional surgery, and the area to be separated is very limited, so the surgery is very traumatic and the postoperative pain is light and the recovery is fast, and there is no discomfort in the neck at all. Even if there are difficulties during the surgery, a slight extension of the incision can achieve the exposure effect of traditional open surgery, and the surgery can be completed safely. What kind of patients are suitable for endoscopic-assisted minimally invasive thyroid surgery? Benign thyroid tumors less than 4cm and small thyroid cancers less than 10mm can be selected for this surgery. There are no special requirements for the patient’s age, body shape and thyroid texture. The patient’s incision after surgery is compared to that of conventional surgery as shown below.