The common clinical causes of painful swallowing include pharyngeal diseases, upper esophageal diseases and foreign body irritation. 1. Pharyngeal diseases: when people with the disease have obvious pain when food is just swallowed, it is usually considered to be caused by pharyngeal diseases, such as acute pharyngitis, tonsillitis, pharyngohypopharyngitis and so on, which will all cause related symptoms. 2. Esophageal diseases: such as esophageal cancer, esophagitis, etc., and some people also have difficulty in swallowing, swallowing obstruction and other symptoms. 3. Foreign body stimulation: when the pharynx and esophagus have foreign body stuck, it may also cause swallowing pain, such as fishbone stuck, etc. When the body carries on swallowing activities or chewing activities, it will cause pain symptoms to aggravate. When the symptoms persist, it is recommended to go to the otorhinolaryngology department of the hospital for a clear diagnosis.