Ischemic optic neuropathy is caused by an acute circulatory disorder of the nutrient vessels of the optic nerve. It mainly involves the anterior sieve plate region of the optic nerve and often presents as optic disc edema, hence the name anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, which is the most common cause of optic disc edema in people over 50 years of age. Since the 1970s, this disease has been recognized as a unique disease and named ischemic optic neuropathy. The disease can be caused by any systemic or ophthalmic disease that can make the optic disc insufficiently supplied. Systemic diseases such as hypertension, arteriosclerosis, temporal arteritis, carotid artery blockage, diabetes, leukemia and erythrocytosis. Low or high intraocular pressure can also cause an imbalance between the perfusion pressure of the small vessels in the optic disc and the intraocular pressure. Due to the change in blood composition and increase in blood viscosity, the blood circulation slows down and the oxygen carrying capacity decreases, resulting in optic disc hypoxia. Both eyes are often involved, with sequential onset. It is characterized by a sudden loss of vision. Early optic papillary edema is mildly reddish or grayish, mostly confined to one quadrant of the optic papilla, and may be accompanied by small hemorrhagic spots. The visual field defect is often connected with a physiological blind spot. Treatment principles 1. Etiological treatment: deal with systemic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, inflammation, ischemia, etc. 2.Glucocorticoid: systemic and local application to relieve edema and exudation caused by circulatory disorders. 3.Vasodilators: such as salvia, compound camptothecin, etc. 4.Lowering intraocular pressure: oral acetazolamide. 5.Nourish the nerves: use vitamin B1, vitamin B12 and other drugs. 6.Other: oxygen absorption; in idiopathic that is non-inflammatory optic papillary ischemic lesions, optic nerve decompression can be implemented to relieve optic papillary edema and protect vision.