Arthritis is known as the world’s number one disabling disease, with 355 million people suffering from arthritis worldwide and more than 100 million in China. In 1998, Swedish scientists were the first to raise awareness of bone and joint health, and in 2000, the World Health Organization extended the initiative worldwide and designated October 12 each year as World Arthritis Day to remind people of the importance of early prevention, diagnosis and treatment of arthritis to prevent disability. The World Health Organization (WHO) promoted the initiative in 2000 and designated October 12 as World Arthritis Day to remind people of the need for early prevention, diagnosis and treatment of arthritis to prevent disability. What are the common types of arthritis? What are the manifestations of each? 1, osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease, due to ageing, obesity, strain, trauma, congenital abnormalities of the joint, joint deformity and many other factors caused by the degeneration of joint cartilage damage, joint edge and subchondral bone reactive hyperplasia, also known as osteoarthrosis, degenerative arthritis, age-related arthritis, hypertrophic arthritis, etc.. The clinical manifestations are slowly developing joint pain, pressure pain, stiffness, joint swelling, activity limitation and joint deformity. 2, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, inflammatory synovitis-based systemic disease of unknown etiology. It is characterized by polyarticular, symmetric, aggressive joint inflammation of the small joints of the hands and feet, often accompanied by extra-articular organ involvement and positive serum rheumatoid factor, which can lead to joint deformity and loss of function. It is more prevalent in women, with an incidence two to three times higher than that of men. It can occur at any age, with a high incidence between 40 and 60 years of age. The clinical manifestations are morning stiffness and symmetrical multi-joint involvement without invasion of the distal interphalangeal joints. The joints are swollen in the early stages and have a pyknotic shape, but in the late stages they are dysfunctional and ankylosed. Laboratory tests increased blood sedimentation, rheumatoid factor positive. 3, ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a disease in which inflammation of the sacroiliac joints and spinal attachment points is the main symptom. It is strongly associated with HLA-B27. It is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by large joints of the extremities, as well as fibrosis and ossification of the intervertebral disc fibrous ring and nearby connective tissue, and joint ankylosis. The cause of the disease is not clear, but it is a chronic disease with the spine as the main lesion site, involving the sacroiliac joint, causing spinal ankylosis and fibrosis, resulting in varying degrees of eye, lung, muscle and bone lesions, and is an autoimmune disease. It is an autoimmune disease. It mostly occurs in young adults aged 15-30 years old. The onset of the disease is slow, intermittent pain, and multiple joints are involved. The spinal movement is limited, the joints are deformed, and there is morning stiffness. x-ray examination of the sacroiliac joint space is narrowed and blurred, and the spinal ligaments are calcified, showing bamboo-like changes. Laboratory tests include increased or normal blood sedimentation and positive for HLA-B27. Rheumatoid factor is mostly negative. Gouty arthritis is caused by uric acid deposition in the joint capsule, bursa, cartilage, bone and other tissues causing lesions and inflammatory reactions, it mostly has genetic and familial factors, it is more likely to occur in men over 40 years old, mostly in the metatarsophalangeal joint of the bunion, but also in other larger joints, especially the ankle and foot joints. The main manifestation is severe pain in the joint, which often occurs suddenly and unilaterally. There is significant swelling, warmth, redness, and pressure in the tissue surrounding the joint. The diagnosis can be confirmed by a blood uric acid test, and medication can be applied with good results. What is the prevention and treatment of arthritis? 1. The main treatment for osteoarthritis is to reduce the weight bearing of the joints and excessive and substantial activities in order to slow down the process of lesions. Obese patients should reduce their weight to reduce the load on the joints. Lower extremity joints with lesions can be used crutches or canes, in order to reduce the burden on the joints. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs can reduce or control the symptoms. Glucosamine can also be applied orally, 1 to 2 capsules once, 3 times a day, with a general course of 4 to 12 weeks, which can be extended if necessary under the guidance of a physician and repeated 2 to 3 times a year. In addition, intra-articular injection of sodium vitrate, one per time, once a week, generally a course of treatment for a total of 5 times. The effect of this type of drug is slow, usually requiring several weeks of treatment before it is effective, but the effect continues for a certain period of time after stopping the drug, while slowing down, stabilizing or even reversing the process of osteoarthritic cartilage degradation. If the symptoms are not significantly relieved, arthroscopic surgery can be performed, and in advanced cases, artificial arthroplasty is feasible if the systemic condition can tolerate the surgery. In addition, appropriate physiotherapy, acupuncture, massage and other physical therapy for arthritis can promote the flow of qi and blood, relax the tendons and channels, and reduce pain. For example, shock wave therapy and acupuncture are mainly used in our department to treat knee osteoarthritis, with emphasis on acupoints such as Blood Sea, Liangqiu, Inner Knee Eye, Outer Knee Eye, Yinlingquan, Yanglingquan, Feosanli, and Guizhong to relax tendons and channels, activate blood and relieve pain. At the same time, patients can also press the above points with their thumbs to prevent and cure the disease. 2, the main purpose of rheumatoid arthritis treatment is to reduce the inflammatory response of joints, inhibit the development of lesions and irreversible bone destruction, as far as possible to protect the function of joints and muscles, and ultimately achieve the goal of complete remission or low disease activity. First of all, the patient should have a correct understanding of the disease, establish confidence and patience, and be able to cooperate with the doctor in treatment. Rest and joint braking should be emphasized for those with significant joint swelling and pain, while attention should be paid to the early start of functional exercise stiffness of the joint after the joint swelling and pain has been relieved. Pharmacological regimens should be individualized, and pharmacological treatment mainly includes non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, slow-acting anti-rheumatic drugs, immunosuppressants, immune and biological agents and botanicals. It is important to emphasize that functional exercise is an important way to restore and maintain joint function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Generally speaking, during the acute phase when joint swelling and pain are obvious, joint activity should be appropriately limited. However, once the swelling and pain improve, functional activities should be performed without increasing the patient’s pain. For those without significant joint swelling and pain but with reversible joint movement limitation, they should be encouraged to perform formal functional exercises. In addition, adjuvant treatments such as physical therapy and topical medications can provide rapid relief of joint symptoms. Here we introduce the common acupuncture points for treating this type of disease: Hegu, Quchi, Hand Sanli, Foot Sanli, Fenglong, Blood Sea, Neiting, Taichong, Xuxuan, and Baxi, etc., to point and press for soreness and swelling, to dispel wind and phlegm and remove dampness, as well as to enhance physical fitness and immunity. 3, treatment of ankylosing spondylitis should begin with doctor-patient communication, so that patients understand the nature of the disease, the general course of the disease, possible measures and future prognosis, in order to enhance confidence and patience in the fight against the disease, to obtain understanding and close cooperation. In daily life, attention should be paid to maintaining normal posture and mobility, such as walking, sitting and standing with chest up and abdomen in, sleeping without pillows or with thin pillows, sleeping on hard wooden beds, taking supine or prone position, and lying prone for half an hour each morning and evening every day. Participate in labor and sports activities within your reach. Pay attention to posture at work to prevent spinal curvature deformity, etc. Maintain optimism, eliminate tension, anxiety, depression and fear; quit smoking and alcohol; work and rest on time, participate in medical physical exercise, maintain thoracic mobility, and maintain normal respiratory function. Maintain bone density and strength, prevent osteoporosis and limb wasting muscle atrophy, etc. Understand the role and side effects of drugs, learn to adjust the dose of drugs and deal with drug side effects, in order to cooperate with treatment and achieve better results. 4, gouty arthritis general treatment includes weight loss, lipid control, reduce the application of non-essential diuretics, control diet, etc., usually drink more water, the daily water intake should be greater than 2000ml, diet low purine, low fat, low salt, low protein diet, and should abstain from alcohol, eat more alkaline food, less seafood, soy products, beer and other foods to prevent acute attacks of gout, and conducive to uric acid excretion. In the acute stage, treatment should be based on removing the cause and controlling the acute attack of arthritis, while in the remission stage, the main purpose of treatment is to lower the blood uric acid level and prevent another acute attack with drugs.