After early resection of kidney cancer, the 5-year survival rate of patients is greater than 90%. However, the specific situation is decided according to the postoperative pathological stage. Early stage of kidney cancer refers to lesions less than 2.5 cm and lesions confined to the kidney, the smaller the lesions, the higher the surgical cure rate. Early stage kidney cancer requires complete removal of local kidney tumor and preservation of normal kidney tissues is helpful to improve patients’ long-term life quality, and most patients can be cured. After surgery, there is a possibility of recurrence and metastasis of malignant tumors. Therefore, interferon and interleukin-2 biologic therapy can be taken after kidney cancer surgery to reduce the chance of recurrence and metastasis. The more common type of malignant tumor in kidney is renal clear cell carcinoma. If it is renal clear cell carcinoma, its survival rate is higher if it is treated and diagnosed early. If it is renal suspicious cell carcinoma or other types of carcinoma, it needs to be judged according to the specific situation. After early resection of kidney cancer, there is a possibility of local recurrence of tumor in the distant stage. Regular postoperative review is needed under the guidance of doctors, with enhanced CT or MR examination every 3-6 months for the first 5 years, and every 6-12 months for 5-10 years.