The main thing to consider when coughing up rust-colored sputum is Streptococcus pneumonia. Streptococcus pneumonia is a pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae or pneumococcus. It usually starts suddenly and is characterized by high fever, chills, coughing up rust-colored sputum and chest pain. It is common in winter and early spring and is often accompanied by respiratory viral infections. Patients are mostly healthy young adults or elderly people and infants, and males are more common. The natural course of the disease is approximately 1-2 weeks. After 5-10 days of illness, the body temperature may drop suddenly or subside gradually; the use of effective antimicrobial drugs can return the body temperature to normal in 1-3 days, and other symptoms and signs of the patient also disappear gradually. Patients with rust-colored sputum in their coughs should go to the hospital in a timely manner to determine the cause of the illness and receive treatment under the guidance of a doctor.