(Disclaimer: This article is for scientific purposes only, and relevant information in the following content has been processed to protect patient privacy) Abstract: Central nervous system disorders include optic neuromyelitis optica, which is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. This case had a history of blurred vision and presented to the outpatient clinic with bilateral lower extremity weakness, pronounced on the left side, with lifting of the upper extremities and inability to walk the lower extremities, which had developed 1 month earlier. The diagnosis of optic neuromyelitis optica was clarified by physical examination and whole spinal cord magnetic resonance examination. The patient was given a combination of vitamin B1, methylcobalamin and methylprednisolone, and the symptoms of limb weakness improved significantly. Basic information] Female, 37 years old [Type of disease] Optic neuromyelitis optica [Hospital] The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University [Date of consultation] January 2022 [Treatment plan] Medication (Vitamin B1, Methylcobalamin and Methylprednisolone) [Period of treatment] Hospitalization for 11 days, outpatient follow up for 1 month [Effect of treatment] The weakness of the limbs disappeared, the blurring of the eyesight was relieved, and the patient was successfully discharged from the hospital. The patient is a white-collar woman with a history of blurred vision, ophthalmologic examination, fundus of the eye did not show any obvious abnormality, and one month ago, she came to the clinic with weakness of both lower limbs, the left side was obvious, the upper limbs could be lifted, but the lower limbs could not walk. The patient said that the symptoms had seriously affected his work, causing anxiety, tension, depression, and short-term insomnia, poor mental outlook, blurred vision fluctuations during the period of repeated aggravation, without systematic treatment, because the symptoms continued to fail to improve so he came to the hospital for medical treatment. After the patient was admitted to the hospital, he was given a complete spinal magnetic resonance and lumbar puncture examination. After the patient was admitted to the hospital, the examination showed that there was no pressure pain and rebound pain in the abdomen, mental clarity, fluent speech, bilateral pupils were equal in size, light reflex existed, and activities were free; the muscle strength of the left lower limb was grade 3, and the muscle strength of the right lower limb was grade 4, tendon reflexes existed in a symmetrical manner, and there was a decrease in the superficial sensation below the chest 2 plane. Total spinal cord magnetic resonance showed: slightly longer T2 signals in the cervical and thoracic medulla, and localized thinning of the thoracic medulla. Lumbar puncture examination showed: cerebrospinal fluid sugar 2.39mmol/L, cerebrospinal fluid chloride 127.0mmol/L, cerebrospinal fluid pressure 170mmH2O, cerebrospinal fluid albumin 399mg/L, cerebrospinal fluid cell count 2, and AQP4 antibody was positive. Combining the above findings, a final diagnosis of optic neuromyelitis optica was made. Subsequently, the patient was given vitamin B1, methylcobalamin for nerve nutrition, methylprednisolone hormone shock therapy, followed by a gradual reduction of treatment, and psychological counseling and comfort. (Whole spinal cord magnetic resonance) III. Therapeutic effect Through the combined treatment of the above drugs, when hospitalized for 11 days, the patient indicated that the symptoms of limb weakness and blurred vision had been significantly relieved, and the quality of sleep had been effectively improved. Examination found that the muscle strength of both lower limbs was grade 5, and the sensory plane decreased to chest 10, and the patient’s mental state was better than before, and then the patient was discharged from the hospital, and was instructed to change the methylprednisolone hormone from static to oral, and to reduce the dosage slowly and gradually according to the doctor’s instructions, and to review the patient in the outpatient clinic on a regular basis, and then follow up with the patient in the hospital after one month. Precautions It is gratifying that the patient’s symptoms of limb weakness and blurred vision were significantly relieved under the combined effect of drugs. After being discharged from the hospital, the patient should follow the doctor’s instructions to take the medication on time and according to the dosage, and avoid reducing or stopping the medication arbitrarily, so as to avoid other discomforts, and if the symptoms of limb weakness and blurred vision reappeared, the patient should consult the doctor in time, so as to avoid delaying the treatment. In addition, after discharge from the hospital, it is recommended to take a light diet to maintain balanced nutrition; appropriate sports and exercise to enhance one’s physical fitness. V. Personal perception If patients with blurred vision and limb numbness and weakness occur at the same time, it is recommended to actively improve the spinal cord magnetic resonance, optic nerve evoked potentials, lumbar puncture and other tests to further clarify the optic nerve myelitis. It is also differentiated from multiple sclerosis and anterior ischemic optic nerve disease. Early treatment of this disease is likely to be more effective and more favorable to the patient’s quality of life. As in this patient, the condition was effectively relieved by a combination of medications. Therefore, patients with symptoms such as blurred vision accompanied by numbness and weakness of the limbs should consult a doctor promptly and receive treatment as soon as possible in order to achieve the best therapeutic effect.