Early stage of bile duct cancer will have symptoms of abdominal pain. About half of the patients have symptoms such as pain and distension or discomfort in the right upper abdomen, weight loss and loss of appetite, which are often regarded as early warning symptoms of bile duct cancer. At the beginning of abdominal pain, there are similar to cholelithiasis and cholecystitis. According to clinical observation, abdominal pain and jaundice can appear after only 3 months of bile duct cancer onset. In the early stage of bile duct cancer, there are also symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, emaciation, dark yellow urine like soy sauce or strong tea, light yellow stool or even clay color. Early symptoms of cholangiocarcinoma mainly manifest in the digestive tract, such as loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, jaundice and right upper abdominal discomfort. Most patients with cholangiocarcinoma come to the clinic because of jaundice, which can be regarded as a typical symptom of cholangiocarcinoma. About 90% of patients with cholangiocarcinoma can have different degrees of yellow staining of skin and mucous membrane. The symptoms of cholangiocarcinoma are characterized by no painful manifestations, which can be progressively aggravated and deepened. With further development of the disease, patients with cholangiocarcinoma may show other symptoms such as abdominal pain, skin itching, weight loss, change in color of urine and stool, or even liver enlargement or cirrhosis. Bile duct cancer refers to malignant tumors originating from extrahepatic bile ducts, including the lower end of the common bile duct from the hilar region to the liver. The incidence rate of bile duct cancer has been increasing year by year in the past decade, and has even doubled in the past decade in some regions with high incidence of bile duct cancer. Bile duct cancer is highly malignant, and radical surgery is the most important treatment method for bile duct cancer. Early stage bile duct cancer has less metastasis and mainly grows slowly infiltrating upward and downward along the bile duct cancer, which can infiltrate surrounding tissues and lymph node metastasis, but rarely metastasizes distantly. Therefore, the blood vessels in the hilar region, the liver and adjacent organs are often invaded. Because the portal vein is immediately posterior to the bile duct and wrapped by the hepatoduodenal ligament and Glisson sheath, it is the most frequently involved vessel and can form cancerous thrombi. Cholangiocarcinoma is divided into intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma according to its location. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, like primary hepatocellular liver cancer, has no obvious clinical symptoms in early stage. Generally, there are abdominal discomfort, fatigue, nausea, jaundice and other symptoms such as fever. At the time of consultation, it is mostly in advanced stage, and abdominal pain, weight loss, abdominal masses may appear, and jaundice is less common. For patients with extrahepatic bile duct cancer, radical resection should be performed as early as possible. Although surgical resection can achieve the recent curative effect, the long-term effect is still not satisfactory and the local recurrence rate is very high, so a new breakthrough is needed to break away from the status quo and move forward.