Lung cancer has a very clear high risk group of long-term heavy smokers. Medical statistics show that the prevalence of lung cancer in people with a smoking index (number of years of smoking multiplied by the number of cigarettes smoked per day, in cigarettes per year) greater than 400 is more than 20 times higher than in non-smokers. In addition, air pollution is also a risk factor for the high incidence of lung cancer, and data from around the world show that the incidence of lung cancer is higher in urban than in rural areas. In addition, in Yunnan Province, China, two regions with very high incidence of lung cancer are Ji Lao and Xuan Wei. Most of the lung cancer patients in Ji Lao are tin mining workers, which is believed to be closely related to the harmful substances such as arsenic-based mining dust and radon and radon daughters being inhaled into the lungs. And the lung cancer incidence in Xuanwei is strongly related to the fact that most of the local domestic coal burning is bituminous coal. Due to the poor treatment effect of late stage lung cancer, early diagnosis and early treatment become an important means of lung cancer prevention and treatment. How can we achieve early diagnosis? First, we advocate that residents over 45 years old should have annual health checkups, which should include taking X-ray front and side chest films. If you are a smoker, that is, 35 years old, you should also attend annual health checkups. If you are a heavy smoker, smoking two packs a day for 30 or 40 years, you should have a chest checkup every six months, which is the best way to detect lung cancer at an early stage in an easy and affordable way. In areas and units that have the conditions, for moderate to heavy smokers over 55 years old, they should undergo screening with low-dose spiral CT of the chest. Second, it is symptom consultation. If there is irritating dry cough, blood in sputum, bloody sputum, and usually coughing, but the coughing pattern and coughing habits are different from before, these symptoms should be alerted, and timely consultation should be made to the hospital to take chest X-ray. In our clinical work, we often encounter patients with lung cancer being misdiagnosed as other diseases such as tuberculosis or lung infection, and the disease has reached advanced stage by the time the thoracic surgeon intervenes, which is very distressing. In order to improve this situation, on the one hand, we should strengthen the continuing education of lung cancer prevention and treatment knowledge for doctors of various disciplines, and on the other hand, we should take advantage of the multidisciplinary advantages of the lung cancer center, which should include medical personnel of thoracic surgery, respiratory medicine, oncology, radiology and pathology, to conduct multidisciplinary consultation for patients suspected of lung cancer, make early diagnosis and provide targeted individualized treatment. It can also make the multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment of lung cancer in practice. Patients should first do some “homework” before visiting lung cancer specialists: carefully recall the process of symptoms from the onset of the disease to the time of consultation, the examination and treatment in other hospitals, and try to present the above information clearly to lung cancer specialists in simple and clear statements in a limited time. Don’t forget to bring the imaging data taken at the local hospital during the previous consultation, including chest X-ray, CT, MRI, etc. If you have received surgical treatment, you should bring the relevant surgical records and pathology reports. If you have received chemotherapy, you should be able to provide the expert with the chemotherapy regimen, the course of chemotherapy and the evaluation of the effect of chemotherapy, such as the change of tumor size and the test results of blood tumor markers.