Painful urination is a condition of obvious pain and discomfort during urination, the main causes include urinary tract infection, urinary stones, urethral stenosis and urinary tract tumors, etc., and the treatment methods include medication, surgical treatment, radiotherapy and daily care. 1. Urinary tract infection: mainly closely related to bacteria, mycoplasma and other infections, the infection will lead to mucosal edema, ulceration will cause urinary pain, need to apply antibiotics to control, commonly used drugs are levofloxacin, azithromycin and so on. 2. urinary stones: mainly including ureteral stones and bladder stones, stones caused by mucosal damage will cause symptoms, small stones pay attention to drink more water, more exercise, can be discharged on their own, the larger stones can be treated by lithotripsy or ureteroscopy stone removal. 3. Urethral stenosis: Infection, chemical stimulation or trauma leads to urethral stenosis, which will cause pain and discomfort during urination, and can be relieved by urethral dilatation, and especially serious cases can be partially dilated by surgery. 4. Urothelial tumor: Urothelial tumor can cause obvious damage to the surrounding area and irritate the nerves, which can also cause pain during urination. Early lesions can be removed radically by surgery, and cases that cannot be operated can be controlled by auxiliary radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and commonly used chemotherapy drugs include cisplatin, etc. In addition to that, cases like prostatitis, traumatic injury or injury can cause pain and discomfort during urination. In addition, prostatitis, trauma, etc. can also lead to urinary pain and other symptoms, need to standardize the treatment under the guidance of the clinician. Painful urination accompanied by obvious hematuria and localized masses, need to consult a doctor in time, under the guidance of the clinician for standardized treatment.