Hemangioma is the most common benign tumor in infants and children. The age distribution of incidence varies slightly among many scholarly studies, mainly because the incidence of hemangioma varies with the age and population investigated. Generally speaking, the incidence rate is about 2% to 3% in newborns and up to 12% after the age of 1 year. The incidence is higher in premature and low birth weight infants, reaching 20%; the incidence in female infants is three times higher than that in male infants. About 80% of hemangiomas are solitary, i.e., in one location, and 20% are multiple, i.e., in multiple locations throughout the body. Some lesions can become infected, bleeding, or ulcerated, and a small percentage of hemangiomas can invade mucous membranes, muscles, bones, and intracranial areas, causing some physiological dysfunction. Most hemangiomas are present at birth, while most of the rest appear within one month after birth. Initially, they often appear as light red spots on the body surface that do not protrude from the skin, and then rapidly grow and fuse into bright red patches or lumps within a short period of time, indicating a strawberry shape; however, deeper hemangiomas do not change color significantly or are blue. Cutaneous hemangioma is divided into: Simple capillary hemangioma (mostly appears 3 to 5 weeks after birth. They are often found on the face, neck and trunk of the body. They are usually single or multiple, higher than the skin surface, in the form of strawberry-like lobes, with clear borders, soft and bright red, i.e. strawberry hemangioma, and do not fade when pressed), and vivid nevus (also known as wine nevus or capillary dilated nevus, mostly occurring at birth or shortly after birth. It occurs on the face and neck. It occurs on the head, neck and face, and is mostly unilateral. Those that occur on the forehead, bridge of the nose or occipital area tend to fade on their own, while larger or more extensive ones often persist throughout life. (Bright red patches that do not rise above the skin surface and recede when pressed) Spongiform hemangioma (mainly formed by veins, mostly found at birth or shortly after birth. Most of them are found on the trunk and are often the size of a pigeon’s egg to an egg. They are named after the spongy feeling when pressed. It is high above the skin surface, nodular or lobulated, with unclear border, soft and elastic, light purple or purple-blue, and can shrink significantly after squeezing. (The surface skin is normal or atrophied by adhesion to the tumor, located under the skin or submucosa, and may also occur in muscle, bone or internal organs.) Mixed hemangioma type 4 is a mixture of two or more of the above mentioned types and can occur in various parts of the body, most often in the head and neck and superficial parts of the limbs. The pathological process is divided into 2 completely different stages, namely the proliferative stage and the receding stage. Some strawberry hemangiomas may develop into mixed hemangiomas or cavernous hemangiomas. Some strawberry hemangiomas may develop into mixed hemangiomas or cavernous hemangiomas. 10% to 20% of children have varying degrees of skin damage at the lesion site, mostly microscopic skin vasodilatation, skin whitening and wrinkling, or skin scarring and atrophy, and large hemangiomas may have local skin laxity after regression. Although some infant hemangiomas begin to fade on their own after the age of one, various complications may occur in proliferating hemangiomas, such as ulceration, bleeding, and infection, which often lead to disfigurement. The final outcome of negative waiting and letting the hemangioma develop naturally without treatment varies. The hemangioma in the growth phase will leave cosmetic defects such as scars, skin folds and pigment residues even if the lesions recede later because of the enlargement and thickening of the tumor. Especially, hemangiomas located in the face and neck can cause great psychosocial trauma to the children and their parents, so they should be detected early and treated promptly. If the growth and proliferation of lesions can be controlled at the early stage of proliferation, the damage to the skin appearance can be minimized and the skin appearance can be basically maintained. For example, hemangiomas located in special areas can affect the aesthetics and function, especially those in the eyelids and conjunctiva, and those in the respiratory tract such as the mouth, pharynx and nose can lead to respiratory disorders. In particular, cavernous and mixed hemangiomas are unlikely to subside spontaneously and require prompt and aggressive treatment to control their development and cure them as soon as possible. Common treatments include isotope dressing, laser therapy, liquid nitrogen freezing, local injection of sclerosing agents or pindamycin, oral hormones, tumor restraint, interventional therapy, and surgical excision. Since the first introduction of propranolol (propranolol) for the treatment of hemangioma in New England Medicine in 2008, there have been reports of successful treatment of hemangioma with propranolol at home and abroad, mainly for large tumors and special sites not suitable for dressing treatment, generally using 1mg/kg once a dose. Special attention should be paid to the side effects of the treatment process: slowing of heart rate, lowering of blood pressure, hypoglycemia, bronchospasm, etc. in children. The physician will choose different treatment methods depending on the age of the child, the location, type, form and progression of the tumor. In comparison, the isotope dressing method is simple, easy to perform, does not leave scars, and is especially effective for the facial area. The Department of Nuclear Medicine of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University was one of the first units in China to carry out the treatment of cutaneous hemangioma in 1958, and it has persisted and accumulated more than 50 years of clinical experience. More than 50 years of experience in isotope dressing treatment in our department proves that isotope dressing using beta radiation for hemangioma treatment is a mature treatment method with good effect, simple and convenient, and is economical, safe and painless and harmless to children. Radioactive drug dressing therapy is the treatment of hemangioma by making radionuclide into dressing device, which mainly includes 32P dressing device and 90Sr-90Y dressing device at present. Strontium-90Y is a state-controlled radionuclide treatment device, which is not allowed to be used in general hospitals and not allowed to be configured by general laboratories. 90Sr-90Y has square, round and few special shapes. The structure is complex, 90 strontium is wrapped in an outer layer of silver foil, which is coated with a layer of palladium to prevent corrosion. The active part is attached to a 4 mm aluminum base plate and a metal handle is installed behind the dresser for the medical staff to hold it. The regular national production of the applicator does not cause contamination and leakage of 90 strontium radioactive sources. Every year, the state organizes safety tests and the national law compels hospitals to use them safely. The treatment principle is to use the beta decay of 90 strontium into 90 yttrium, and then beta decay into the stable nuclide 90 Zr. During these successive decays, beta rays with energies of 0. 65 MeV and 2. 2 MeVe are released, of which the main therapeutic effect is the beta ray of 2. 2 MeVe. Although the maximum penetration distance in the tissue is 11 cm, the dose decreases rapidly with increasing tissue depth, with 53% at 1 mm, 26% at 2 mm, 12% at 3 mm, and only 1% at 6 mm, so it is especially suitable for the treatment of superficial diseases of a few millimeters, with no damage to the surrounding area and systemic organs, and is safe and reliable. After irradiation of capillary hemangioma, the endothelial cells of blood vessels become swollen and inflammatory, and the walls of blood vessels appear to degenerate at an early stage, thus closing the blood vessels and achieving the purpose of treatment. The efficacy of 90 strontium/90 yttrium applicator in the treatment of hemangioma is closely related to the type of hemangioma, thickness and timing of treatment. The healing rate of thickness ≤ 5 mm is higher than that of protruding skin > 5 mm. 32P emits pure β-rays with a maximum energy of 1.71 MeV of β-particles, most of which are absorbed at a depth of 3 to 4 mm in the tissue. Its advantages: it can be made into a specific dressing adapted to the patient’s lesion shape and size in terms of radioactive intensity, shape and size. Disadvantages: It requires temporary preparation by physicians and long dressing time for patients, which requires dressing for tens of hours. The treatment plan is divided into: one large dose method: the total dose of the whole course of treatment is completed at one time, which requires the physician to have rich experience and accurate judgment. The advantage is that only one or two treatments are needed, which is easily accepted by the patient. The disadvantage is that there is a high chance of acute skin reactions. Small dose method: The total radiation dose is divided into several doses, each time smaller, suitable for facial areas and special areas of lesions. The advantage is that the reaction is small and easy to observe. The disadvantage is that the treatment period is long and troublesome. Regardless of the method used, it is currently believed that the radiation dose should be individualized. The best results for strawberry hemangioma (97.5% cured) with small irradiation dose and short treatment period may be related to the fact that strawberry hemangioma consists mainly of proliferating vascular endothelial cells with good sensitivity to radiation and to the physical properties of beta radiation. Erythema nevus is not very sensitive to radiation and has a lower cure rate. Erythema nevus is one of the more stubborn types of hemangioma, which is poorly treated by dressing and well treated by dye laser. Spongiform hemangioma occurs in the subcutaneous and submucous membranes and is more extensive or deeper in location, with lavender or purple-blue subcutaneous nodules. This type of hemangioma is mainly formed by veins, which are not easy to be reached by radiation and absorb limited dose of beta radiation. Mixed hemangiomas exist mostly in the form of strawberry and cavernous hemangiomas, and cavernous hemangiomas are usually only subcutaneous and submucosal, which are not well treated with isotope dressing. In terms of treatment timing, the younger the age, the better the treatment effect. We found that the healing rate of children with simple capillary hemangioma < 6 months of age was 97.5%, and most of them were healed after the first course of treatment. This may be related to the fact that when the child is young, the hemangioma develops quickly and is sensitive to radiation; as the age of the child increases, the lesion develops slowly and is less sensitive to radiation, etc. Therefore, the treatment of pediatric hemangioma, especially strawberry hemangioma, should be detected and treated early, and the earlier the treatment, the better. The following issues should be noted in treatment: ①Select the time when the child is sleeping or breastfeeding, so that the irradiated area can be easily fixed, thus ensuring the continuity of treatment. For children with large hemangiomas, the area should be marked and divided in advance to avoid missing or over-irradiating, and the junction of the two areas should be noted to avoid overlapping irradiation or missing irradiation, which may affect the efficacy. Special attention should be paid to the potential lesion area at the outer edge of the tumor, and the treatment area should be slightly larger than the edge of the tumor visible to the naked eye. Inform the parents of the possible conditions of the treatment and what to do if they occur. Soap, hot water and scratching are prohibited to avoid ulceration of the affected area. Once the skin is broken, it is easy to form chronic radioactive dermatitis or ulcers, which are difficult to heal. If the skin is broken, the dressing treatment should be stopped, and the treatment should be given with gold titanium and Bactrim ointment, and if necessary, surgical treatment should be changed. ④ For facial hemangioma treatment, special care should be taken to avoid sequelae of skin damage caused by over-irradiation. Practice has shown that it is appropriate to be slightly conservative and may require multiple treatments in small doses to avoid wet erythema or infection as much as possible. In clinical work, we often encounter patients' parents who are particularly anxious and even ask the physician to increase the treatment dose in order to cure as soon as possible. Special reminder: isotope dressing treatment is a chronic and painless treatment method, the patient's parents need to have patience, need to listen to the physician's advice, and should not be afraid of trouble because of multiple follow-ups! The physician should be more scientific and rigorous in medical attitude, carefully formulate the treatment plan and communicate with the patient's parents carefully.