The diagnostic criteria for hypertensive nephropathy are that the patient has a history of hypertension for 5 to 10 years, while the patient is accompanied by target organ damage to the kidneys and other organs. Hypertensive nephropathy, also known as hypertensive renal damage, is categorized into benign small-artery nephrosclerosis and malignant small-artery nephrosclerosis, of which benign small-artery nephrosclerosis is more common, and clinically the patients are required to have a history of high blood pressure for 5 to 10 years, and the blood pressure is usually poorly controlled. In addition, patients will have pathological changes in the fundus, kidneys, heart, brain and other organs. Patients will have retinal atherosclerosis of the fundus, sclerosis of the cerebral arteries, and cardiac insufficiency or accompanied by hypertrophy and enlargement of the left ventricle. Kidney lesions, early patients will have increased nocturia, at the same time, patients will have a small or moderate amount of proteinuria, the specific gravity of urine will be low, ultrasound kidneys will show a mild shrinkage, reduced renal blood flow, renal arteries will be mildly sclerosis. And malignant small arterial nephrosclerosis is renal damage caused by malignant hypertension, which leads to rapid deterioration of renal function. The disease progresses rapidly and soon leads to glomerulosclerosis, tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis. Clinical manifestations of malignant small arteriosclerosis include microscopic hematuria or microscopic hematuria, large amounts of proteinuria, tubularuria, and aseptic leukocyturia, and rapid deterioration of renal function, which often enters into end-stage renal disease within a few weeks to a few months of the onset of the disease. The appearance of hypertension as well as hypertensive nephropathy, it is recommended to seek timely medical treatment, under the guidance of physicians active treatment.