Weight loss should be gradual, both up to 5% within 6 months. For severely obese people (BMI>35 kg/m2), the BMI should be reduced to below 28 kg/m2. I. Lifestyle intervention 1. Diet control. It is recommended that the daily energy intake for obese men is 1500 to 1 800 kcal, and for obese women is 1200 to 1500 kcal per day. Protein, carbohydrates and fat nutrients should be 15%-20%, 55%-60% and 25%-30% of the total energy supply. Salt intake should be <5g/d. Alcohol consumption should be controlled and should not exceed 25 g/d for men and 15 g/d for women, and it is best to stop drinking. Quit smoking and stay away from second-hand smoke. This should be done according to the principle of individualization, taking into account nutritional needs, physical activity level and previous dietary habits. And not just excessive dieting, which can easily cause nutritional imbalance and trigger metabolic disorders. 2, exercise therapy includes aerobic exercise, resistance exercise and flexibility training. Aerobic exercise can improve cardiorespiratory function. Resistance exercise can improve the basal metabolic rate, develop a body that is less likely to gain weight and prevent rebound after weight loss. Flexibility training can improve joint function, prevent sports injuries and relieve sports fatigue. A typical exercise process includes: 5-10 min of warm-up activity; 30-60 min of aerobic exercise, and/or 10-20 min of resistance exercise; 5 min of relaxation activity, gradually reducing exertion, so that the response of the cardiovascular system and the body's thermogenic function gradually stabilize. Second, drug treatment Recommended for non-sympathomimetic drugs, such as orlistat. In addition, some hypoglycemic drugs that can reduce body weight, such as metformin, enteroglucagon drugs [glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors] are not allowed to be used for weight loss in China for the time being. It is necessary to pay attention to the adverse effects of drugs during use. For patients with refractory obesity-related hypertension (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) whose lifestyle interventions and drug treatment are not satisfactory, surgery is an important means to obtain long-term weight loss effect and improve cardiovascular prognosis, and the most commonly used surgical procedures are laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy. However, it is generally a last resort. In conclusion, weight loss requires a comprehensive treatment with a multi-pronged approach and perseverance in order to be successful.