With the rapid development of laparoscopic surgical techniques in the last decade or so, and the application of various instruments and energy platforms, laparoscopy can perform almost all procedures in abdominal surgery. Colorectal surgery is one of the most mature laparoscopic surgeries. Laparoscopic surgery is characterized by small incisions, good surgical field, finer anatomy and more precise surgical level due to the magnification of the lens. The main concern of laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer in the past was the problem of completeness of tumor resection and the possibility of pneumoperitoneum to increase the chance of tumor dissemination. There is a clear conclusion that the effect of laparoscopic surgery for colon cancer is the same as that of open surgery, while there is no definite conclusion for rectal cancer patients at present because the trial is still in progress and has not reached the end point of the trial. However, the results of laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer are not inferior to those of open surgery in terms of physicians’ practice. From the viewpoint of various medical experts and their own experience, laparoscopic surgery does have advantages that cannot be compared with open surgery, such as clear operative field, clear hierarchy, and more advantageous protection of the pelvic vegetative nerves of rectal cancer patients. Even the operation time is shorter, and the patient’s postoperative pain is mild and recovery is significantly faster. However, laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery requires the surgeon to have rich experience in laparoscopic surgery, and the learning curve is longer than that of open surgery. For patients with severe local infiltration and extensive abdominal adhesions, open surgery should be performed. At present, more than 80% of colorectal cancer patients in our department have undergone laparoscopic surgery with remarkable results.