The sequelae and hazards of thyroid nodule surgery may include laryngeal recurrent nerve injury, hypoparathyroidism, and superior laryngeal nerve injury. During thyroid nodule surgery, there may be pulling, squeezing and cutting of nerves, resulting in damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve and the superior laryngeal nerve; unilateral damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve may cause hoarseness, and bilateral damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve may cause dyspnea; damage to the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve may result in loss of sensation, and damage to the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve may result in relaxation of the vocal cords and other symptoms. In addition, damage to the parathyroid glands during thyroid nodule surgery may also cause hypoparathyroidism, pins and needles sensation and numbness in the face and lips. Patients who need thyroid nodule surgery should actively cooperate with their doctors.