The specific treatment of high fasting insulin levels depends on the cause of the hyperinsulinemia. In the case of fasting hyperinsulinemia caused by pancreatic beta-cell tumors, surgical treatment is usually undertaken. In patients who are not suitable for surgical treatment, treatment with diazoxide or growth inhibitor analogues may also be considered. For most compensatory hyperinsulin secretion due to insulin resistance, the main treatment is by removing the causative factors, which can be treated aggressively for the primary disease, as well as diet control, exercise enhancement, weight reduction and treatment to improve insulin sensitivity. If lifestyle interventions are not effective, thiazolidinediones or metformin preparations can also be used to improve insulin sensitivity. For congenital hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, the main treatment is internal medicine.