What does low bone mass mean?

Low bone mass, also known as reduced mineral content in the bones, is commonly seen in patients with osteoporosis and rickets, and is indicative of a calcium deficiency in the human body. It occurs in the middle-aged and elderly due to a decrease in sex hormone levels or a decrease in estrogen levels in women during menopause, resulting in increased destruction of osteoblasts and active osteoclasts. It is also seen in hyperparathyroidism, impaired absorption of vitamin D and calcium due to digestive system pathology, excessive loss of vitamin D or calcium due to severe kidney disease, and in patients who frequently apply hormonal drugs, heparin, and cyclosporine. While rickets is mainly caused by insufficient vitamin D intake, vitamin D deficiency, impaired absorption or excessive loss related, also seen in insufficient light and other reasons.