Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) is the foundation of diabetes treatment and is essential for prevention and control of diabetes at any stage of the natural course of the disease.In 2013, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommendations for nutritional therapy proposed that there is no one fixed dietary pattern suitable for all diabetic patients and emphasized the development of individualized nutritional treatment plans based on evidence.In 2010, experts in the field of diabetes and clinical In 2010, experts in the field of diabetes and clinical nutrition drafted the first MNT guidelines for diabetes in China based on the evidence-based medical evidence and scientific research progress of diabetes MNT, combined with the epidemiological characteristics of diabetes and the current nutritional situation in China, and widely publicized and applied them in China, which were recognized by clinical staff. In accordance with the principle that evidence-based guidelines should “keep pace with the times and be updated according to the progress of clinical research evidence”, in the past three years, due to the update of the “Methodology for Developing Evidence-based Guidelines” and the many breakthroughs in the field of diabetes MNT and metabolic therapy, the Chinese Medical Association Diabetes Branch and the Professional Committee of Nutrition Physicians of the Chinese Medical Association decided to launch the “Chinese Medical Nutrition Guidelines for Diabetes MNT (2013 Edition)” in 2013. The Chinese Medical Association Diabetes Association and the Professional Committee of Nutrition Physicians of the Chinese Medical Association decided to start the revision and update of the Chinese Diabetes Medical Nutrition Guidelines (2013 Edition) in 2013. ”The new guideline summarizes the evidence-based and interventional model of diabetic MNT in the past 18 years, utilizing the best available evidence and taking into account treatment goals, treatment strategies and patients’ wishes to enable patients to transform their nutritional patterns and lifestyles to ultimately achieve improved long-term clinical outcomes and quality of life. To achieve these goals, the new guidelines recommend that a dietitian with extensive knowledge and experience in nutrition therapy should take the lead role in the integrated treatment team providing MNT, and that team members (including endocrinologists and nurses) should be knowledgeable about MNT and supportive of its implementation. The goal of MNT is to correct the metabolic disorders that have occurred and reduce the pancreatic β-cell load, thus delaying and reducing the occurrence and development of diabetes and its complications and further improving its quality of life, while ensuring the normal life of patients and the normal growth and development of children and adolescent patients. The specific goals are: (1) Correcting metabolic disorders: controlling blood glucose and blood lipids through balanced diet and reasonable nutrition, while supplementing high-quality protein and preventing other essential nutrient deficiencies. (2) Reduce pancreatic β-cell load: diabetic patients have different degrees of pancreatic islet dysfunction, and a reasonable diet can reduce the burden of pancreatic β-cells and restore some of their functions. (3) Prevention and control of complications individualized MNT: it can provide appropriate and sufficient nutrients, which is conducive to the prevention and control of the occurrence and development of diabetic complications. (4) Improving quality of life and overall health. (5) For children and adolescents with type 1 or type 2 diabetes, women during pregnancy or lactation and elderly diabetic patients, the nutritional needs should be met at specific times. (6) For patients with hyperglycemia (including stress hyperglycemia) who are unable to eat by mouth or eat for less than 7 d, to meet the metabolic needs of the disease, treatment with reasonable parenteral nutrition or enteral nutrition, if necessary, can improve clinical outcomes. The new edition of the guidelines also describes the evidence from each of the six functions of MNT separately. MNT is an important part of diabetes prevention, treatment and self-management and education, as well as a component of a healthy lifestyle; MNT and lifestyle interventions can reduce the incidence of type 2 diabetes by 58% over pharmacological interventions; MNT can also reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in non-diabetic individuals (15-25 mg/dl or up to It also helps to reduce body weight and blood pressure. In addition to improving clinical outcomes, MNT helps people with diabetes continue to enjoy their favorite foods in a healthy way to the fullest. If medications are needed to lower blood glucose, they should be used in conjunction with diet and exercise habits. However, the disadvantages of MNT may include poor taste, inflexible food choices, and reduced willingness to take initiative. In addition, changes in diet content due to metabolic stress or changes in clinical treatment may affect the effectiveness of MNT. The new edition of the guidelines discusses several aspects of diabetes nutrition-related factors, MNT methods and management, nutritional therapy for special populations and nutritional therapy for special conditions and complications of diabetes. In addition to the update of new evidence, adapting to the requirements of clinical progress, the impact of clinical therapeutic drugs metformin and α-glucosidase inhibitors on nutrition were especially added; new nutritional treatment methods such as carbohydrate counting method and pre-meal load were added to MNT methods; chapters on surgical treatment and nutritional treatment of diabetes and stress hyperglycemia were added to special conditions and complications of diabetes. To achieve efficient implementation, MNT requires an experienced team (panel) consisting of physicians, nurses, nutrition (medical) specialists, and patients to complete. The new edition of the guideline adheres to the purpose of being focused, concise, scientific and practical, and serving the clinic. It is not only applicable to doctors, nurses, nutrition (medical) practitioners, diabetes education, health management and other professionals at all levels, but also has the same guiding significance for diabetic patients and general readers who are concerned about their health. It is hoped that the new edition of the guidelines will effectively guide diabetic patients and enable them to receive standardized and sustained nutritional treatment, which will become a powerful guarantee for improving the quality of survival of diabetic patients, reducing the burden of diabetes and its complications, and ultimately improving the overall health of diabetic patients. The preparation of this guideline was strongly supported by experts from the Gastrointestinal Hormone and Nutrition Collaborative Group of the Chinese Medical Association Diabetes Branch, and we also thank experts from various fields for their valuable comments on the preparation of the guideline and their assistance in the proofreading of the final draft of the guideline.