Dark circles are not an official medical term and are mainly used by doctors and patients to describe the gray state of the periorbital region. According to the different types of dark circles, their causes are also different, clinically, they are mainly divided into vascular dark circles, pigmented dark circles, structural dark circles, mixed dark circles, etc., as follows:
1. Vascular dark circles: If the skin around the eyelids is thin and the subcutaneous fat is small, the blood vessels, dermal capillary network and prominent blue reticular veins under the skin are easy to see with the naked eye, especially when the local blood circulation is not good, the clinical manifestation is a violet-colored appearance accompanied by prominent blue blood vessels, especially on the inner side of the lower eyelids, which is the most significant.
2. Pigmented dark circles: mainly due to dermal melanocytosis, allergic or contact dermatitis and other inflammatory reactions caused by hyperpigmentation, as well as edema. Clinical manifestation is gray or brown skin along the arc of the orbital rim, which is aggravated by fatigue and poor sleep in some patients.
3. Structural dark circles: This type of dark circles has both congenital and acquired causes. Congenital causes are mainly due to the loss of subcutaneous fat, the gradual thinning of the skin on the surface of the tear trough ligament, aggravating the groove-like depression; acquired causes are mainly due to the relaxation of the lower eyelid skin, orbital septal fat bulge, edema and so on.
4. Mixed Dark Circles: Dark circles accompanied by the above types of dark circles are called mixed dark circles.
It is recommended that patients with dark circles should go to regular hospitals for consultation when necessary, so as to clarify the cause of the disease and improve the dark circles by timely treatment.