Mitral regurgitation is caused by mitral valve closure insufficiency and is classified as mild, moderate, or severe according to regurgitant flow, regurgitant area, and regurgitant fraction.
Mild: regurgitant area less than 4c㎡, regurgitant flow less than 30ml per beat, regurgitant fraction less than 30%. Moderate: reflux area 4~8c㎡, return flow per beat 30~59ml, reflux fraction 30~49%. Severe: the regurgitation area is more than 8c㎡, the regurgitant flow per beat is more than 60ml, and the regurgitant fraction is more than 50%.
If the mitral regurgitation is asymptomatic, no treatment is needed, and regular follow-up observation is sufficient. If symptoms are present, oral angiotensinase inhibitors (ACEIs), such as captopril, can be used to improve symptoms. Severe mitral regurgitation requires consideration of surgical treatment, including mitral valve repair and mitral valve replacement.
If mitral regurgitation is detected, treatment should be directed by a physician.