The survival time of patients with multiple small nodules in the lung is related to the type of disease, nature of the nodules, and individual circumstances of the patient, and should be analyzed on a case-by-case basis. Multiple small nodules in the lungs can be seen in a variety of lung diseases, such as inflammatory diseases, including multiple cornified tuberculosis and common pneumonia nodules, as well as pulmonary nodular disease, intrapulmonary metastases from lung cancer and pulmonary metastases from extra-pulmonary tumors. Inflammatory pulmonary nodules can gradually disappear or become smaller in size after active anti-inflammatory and anti-tuberculosis treatment and symptomatic treatment, and therefore do not affect the life expectancy of patients. If patients are combined with severe pneumonia and pulmonary fibrosis, the repeated prolongation of lung inflammation may affect lung function, which in turn may have an impact on patients’ life expectancy. For patients with early stage lung cancer, early cure can be achieved through postoperative combined with postoperative radiotherapy. In case of advanced lung cancer with multiple extra-pulmonary metastases, patients may not be cured and their life expectancy will be greatly shortened. In conclusion, it is recommended to actively consult respiratory medicine when abnormal lung imaging manifestations occur, so as to find the cause and treat the cause early.