How much do you know about anal fissures? Anal fissures are not a major disease, but they are so painful that they are like torture when you use the toilet. A doctor once described the situation of an anal fissure patient: like a novice embroiderer who frequently encounters needles in the hand, not only painful, but also blood oozing out. Summer is the peak season for anal fissures in women, and fissures can be triggered by picking your mouth and poor menstrual hygiene. In addition, young and middle-aged people, both men and women, belong to the group of people “favored” by anal fissure disease. The main cause of anal fissure 1, occupational factors: long-term standing or sedentary. Because of the upright or sedentary posture, the anorectum resides in the lower part of the body, the hemorrhoidal vein reflux is not smooth. 2, chronic diseases: such as long-term malnutrition, physical weakness, causing the anal sphincter relaxation and weakness. Chronic hepatitis, hepatic steatosis, diarrhea, colitis, etc. are all triggers for the occurrence of anorectal diseases. Therefore, in the prevention should pay attention to the patient’s general condition and take reasonable and effective preventive measures. 3, defecation abnormal: constipation is the biggest bane, force to solve the dry fecal mass, will certainly make the anus under greater pressure, resulting in a series of pathological changes such as stasis, swelling, fissures. Diarrhea can also increase the chances of local infection in the anus, producing diseases such as anal sinusitis, inflammatory external hemorrhoids, perianal abscesses. 4, dietary factors: daily life, the quality of food, coarse, water intake, can directly affect the stool composition, causing anorectal disease. Long-term drinking or eating spicy food will stimulate the mucous membrane of the digestive tract, leading to colon dysfunction and a significant increase in the incidence of anorectal diseases. 5, bad defecation habits: squatting and prolonged defecation time, easy to cause stasis of blood in the anorectum and induce disease. Some people, regardless of whether they feel strong defecation, blindly keep struggling hard, so that the rectum, anus and pelvic floor muscles increase unnecessary burden and local stasis, leading to disease. What are the symptoms of anal fissure? Patients with anal fissures have typical clinical manifestations, namely pain, constipation and bleeding. The pain is mostly severe and has a typical periodicity. During defecation, due to the stimulation of the nerve endings in the anus, the patient will immediately feel burning or cutting pain in the anus, which is called pain during defecation; it can be relieved for a few minutes after defecation, which is called intermittent period; then the pain is severe again due to the contraction and spasm of the anal sphincter, which can last for half to several hours, which is clinically called sphincter contracture pain. The pain is relieved after the sphincter is fatigued and relaxed, but the pain occurs again when defecating again. The above is called the anal fissure pain cycle. Patients are reluctant to defecate for fear of pain, which in time leads to constipation and drier stools, which in turn aggravates the fissure, forming a vicious cycle. A small amount of blood or drops of fresh blood is often seen on the surface of the stool or on the stool paper during defecation, and heavy bleeding is rare. The dangers of anal fissures Uncured anal fissures may lead to neurological weakness. The intense pain increases the patient’s mental burden, affects rest, and causes neurosis. Untreated anal fissures may aggravate constipation. Fear of pain causes fear of defecation, and in order to reduce the number of painful bowel movements, patients are reluctant to have regular bowel movements, resulting in more dry stools. If the fissure is not treated, the patient may suffer from anemia and fainting. Fresh blood is often seen on the surface of the stool or on the stool paper during defecation, which can lead to anemia and even fainting over time. If an anal fissure is left untreated for a long time, it may lead to other complications. If anal fissures are left untreated for a long time, complications such as anal canal ulcers, sentinel hemorrhoids, perianal abscesses, anal fistulas and enlarged anal papillae can occur. The actual fact is that you can find a lot of people who are not able to get a good deal on a lot of things. You can use Chinese herbs for fumigation bath or 1:5000 potassium permanganate solution bath. 2, topical drugs: the use of Chinese and Western drugs to prepare anti-inflammatory and pain relief ointment, applied directly to the fissure, can reduce pain and relieve sphincter spasm, but also available pain suppositories. Generally speaking, fresh anal fissures are treated with raw muscle san and Jiuhua cream; old anal fissures are treated with red Shengdan to dissolve the rot, and then with raw muscle cream or Bletilla cream. Gu Baoqing of the Fourth Military Medical University formulated Shu Anal Cream with anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving, which can treat acute and chronic anal fissures. 3.Closure therapy: Applicable to early simple anal fissure, using methylene blue procaine injection as a long-acting anesthetic, local injection of anal fissure, the drug is injected into the base of anal fissure and surrounding tissues, and fingers gently massage. 4.Anal dilation therapy: As early as 1829, Recamier reported the treatment of anal fissure by anal dilation, which requires that the tightly bound pectineal band be torn by fingers under local anesthesia to relax the spastic sphincter muscle and improve the local blood circulation of the anus to cure anal fissure. 5.Massage therapy: massaging specific tianshu points can promote intestinal peristalsis, relieve constipation and alleviate the role of symptoms, which is applicable to the treatment of all stages of anal fissure with certain curative effect. 6.Surgical treatment of anal fissure. Suggestion: eat more fruits and vegetables to avoid spicy In order to prevent anal fissures, it is best to develop a good habit of defecating in the morning. “After waking up in the morning, the person’s body position changes from lying down to standing, plus the peristalsis of the stomach and intestines is enhanced, all conducive to promoting defecation. ”Morning moderate exercise such as exercise, taijiquan, qigong practice, etc., can prevent constipation.” Experts pointed out that after constipation, available open plug lube laxative, but be careful with fruit guide, rhubarb and other laxatives, these laxatives can make stool thin, but also lead to diarrhea after constipation, aggravating anal fissures. Once a day is the most appropriate stool. If the stool stays in the colon and rectum for a long time, the water is heavily absorbed, and it is easy to dry and constipated. But several times a day, the pain and damage will be aggravated by the stimulation of defecation. In order to make the stool smooth, people with anal fissures should eat more fruits and vegetables rich in fiber and vitamins, and avoid spicy, fried and other foods to prevent constipation. ”Fruits such as apples, peaches, apricots, pears and bananas, and vegetables such as celery, spinach, leeks, alfalfa, yellow cauliflower, wild rice and bamboo shoots are rich in fiber and vitamins, which can make the stool soft and easy to discharge, thus reducing the stimulation of dry and hard stools on the fissure wound. Sesame seeds, honey, vegetable oil and walnuts can also laxify the bowels and open the bowels. Patients with anal fissures should avoid or eat less stimulating diets, such as white wine, yellow wine, chili, ginger, onion, garlic, etc. These diets can aggravate constipation, make anorectal congestion obvious and induce anal fissures.” Warm tip: severe symptoms should be operated “Generally, after the above treatment and life conditioning, most patients with anal fissure can be cured.” Experts point out that, however, patients with recurrent conditions are often encountered in the clinic. If the anal fissure once becomes chronic, local conservative treatment is less effective, therefore, it is more important to seek medical attention in time. Surgery is generally not advocated for patients with anal fissures, but is recommended only for those who have been untreated for a long time, for whom conservative treatment is ineffective, and for those with severe symptoms. As for those patients who do not heal for a long time and have formed old anal fissures or even subcutaneous fistulas, surgical treatment should be considered.