1, maintain adequate sleep: adequate sleep is the first element to maintain the health of the elderly, poor sleep will lead to the occurrence of various diseases and accelerate the aging process. 2, pay attention to the combination of work and rest: while maintaining sufficient sleep, it is also vital to participate in daily work, physical labor and physical exercise within your ability. Some people think that when they are old and have high blood pressure, they should absolutely retreat and rest, which is very wrong. Absolute retreat and rest is not only detrimental to the recovery of hypertension and hyperlipidemia, but can also easily lead to other metabolic diseases and cardiovascular diseases. In particular, we should remind that many elderly people do not go out all day because they feel that their physical strength is decreasing and they do not want to be active, so they often sit still in front of the TV; or they take a newspaper or magazine and read it from the beginning to the end. These are very harmful to health. 3, pay attention to the regularity of life: eat on time, each meal only eat 7 to 80% full, should not be hungry a meal full a meal; on time rest, should not stay up late, should not get up too early, especially should not get up in the middle of the night (such as watching a ball game, watching a show, watching a concert, etc.). Because the biological clock is disrupted, the endocrine and plant nerve function is also disrupted, at this time people are prone to “irritability, irritability, impulsiveness, restlessness” and other symptoms. 4, pay attention to dietary regulation: low salt, low-fat diet is appropriate. Northerners eat too salty, should draw attention to. Obesity in the elderly is a very harmful sign and should be given great attention. Moderate control of food and total calories, appropriate weight loss, is essential to the prevention of age-related diseases. 5. Pay attention to diet composition: daily diet should be diversified and balanced. In addition to eating a certain amount of rice or pasta daily, you should also eat an appropriate amount of protein-rich foods such as meat, fish, eggs, milk, soy milk, etc. Vegetables and fruits are also essential. The notion that “filling a hole without good soil” is not only absurd and wrong, but also very harmful to health. The human body is like a car, composed of thousands of parts, each part has its own different function, indispensable, otherwise the car can not run properly. Car constantly running, parts will continue to age and scrap, must be replaced regularly. So where do these replacement “parts” come from? From the diet. Only a colorful diet can provide a constant flow of “parts” for replacement. But if the diet is too monotonous, the supply of parts is not, the car is prone to problems, and naturally will not go far. 6, the correct understanding of rice and noodles: Chinese people’s staple food is rice or noodles (including noodles, steamed buns, buns or dumplings, etc.), which in medical terms are “carbohydrates”. Some people believe that these carbohydrates are the most important to the human body, the other can not eat, but noodles, buns or rice can not be eaten. In fact, this is very wrong. Carbohydrates are only one of the thousands of “parts” mentioned above, they are eventually turned into “sugar” after intake into the body, and then into “fat”. So over-eating rice or noodles is the main reason for obesity. Some people think that obesity is the result of eating too much “fat”, but in fact, they do not know that rice and noodles are actually the real culprit of “fat”. So how to grasp the amount of carbohydrates eaten? The general public daily 300 grams (6 taels) is appropriate; the elderly because of less activity, the amount of food should also be more reduced, especially to absolutely avoid large bowls, gobbling like eating a lot of noodles or rice. 7, the correct understanding of nutrition: the body needs nutrients can be divided into five categories: (1) carbohydrates (rice, noodles, steamed buns, buns, dumplings, etc.); (2) protein (fish, meat, eggs, milk, soy milk, etc.); (3) fat (animal oil, vegetable oil, etc.); (4) vitamins (vegetables, fruits rich in vitamins); (5) minerals, including macronutrients and trace elements ( such as sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, selenium ……, etc., about 50 kinds, different foods contain different minerals). The above are only the major categories, and each major category is divided into many sub-categories, not to elaborate here. In short, the human body needs too many nutrients, each kind is important, any kind of indispensable. The only way to ensure adequate and balanced nutrients is to eat a varied diet, not partial, not taboo (except for unhealthy food), especially to eat an adequate amount of vegetables and fruits every day. 8, pay attention to the way and method of exercise: moderate exercise (especially outdoor exercise) is very important for the elderly, but we should pay attention to the way and method of exercise. Older people should not do intense and large sports (such as playing ball, fast running, athletics, etc.), especially to avoid falls and sprains. The elderly have osteoporosis, once the fall is very easy to cause fractures. Older people are better off doing slower, low-amplitude sports, such as walking, brisk walking, slow swimming, playing Tai Chi, square dance, etc. 9, pay attention to adjust the mentality, stable emotions: the elderly should pay attention to the calm and stable mentality, try to maintain a happy mood; not impatient, not excited, not angry; in case of more thinking, more communication; views are not a moment less argument, more listening; speak in a low voice, not loud quarrel; everything to convince people with reason, do not force words. Unstable mentality and impatience can easily lead to increased blood pressure, heart ischemia and brain ischemia, and even induce cerebrovascular accidents and myocardial infarction. Therefore, “impatience, excitement, quarrels, anger” is a big taboo for the elderly! 10, pay attention to participate in collective activities, more communication with people: as people get older, they tend to gradually appear withdrawn, stubborn, paranoid, conservative and other personality changes, especially the male elderly more obvious. Therefore, the elderly should take the initiative to participate in collective activities, communicate with people, talk, chat; the elderly often play cards, chess, singing, dancing, etc., is not only beneficial to the mood, to prevent the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, but also for delaying the occurrence of dementia is also very important role.