Rapid pathology and postoperative pathology differ in terms of delivery time, purpose, speed and accuracy. 1. Delivery time: Rapid pathology mostly delivers specimens during surgery, while postoperative pathology delivers specimens after the end of surgery. 2. Purpose: Intraoperative rapid pathology is mainly used to initially determine the benignity or malignancy of the lesion and whether there is lymph node metastasis, which is used to guide the next surgical operation, such as whether lymph node dissection is needed, and whether additional incision is needed to ensure that the margins of the incision are ideal. Postoperative pathology is mainly used to determine the benign or malignant nature of the lesion, conduct immunohistochemistry, molecular pathology and other tests, which are used to guide the choice of treatment options. 3. Speed: Intraoperative rapid pathology is faster, and the results are usually available in about 30 minutes. Postoperative pathology is slower, and it takes 7~14 days for the results to come out. 4. Accuracy: The accuracy of rapid pathology is not as good as that of conventional pathology, and some rapid pathology is difficult to determine the results and still need to wait for the results of conventional pathology. Rapid pathology and conventional pathology have their own advantages and disadvantages, the treatment process often need to carry out two kinds of tests to guide the treatment.