Benign prostatic hyperplasia is referred to as prostatic hyperplasia, commonly known as prostate hypertrophy, is the most common benign disease that causes urinary disorders in middle-aged and elderly men. 1, most of the clinical discomfort and symptoms appear after the age of 50, mainly: (1) urinary frequency: is the most common early symptoms of prostate enlargement patients, more obvious at night. As the disease progresses, it will worsen, and even symptoms such as urge incontinence will appear. (2) Difficulty in urination: manifested as delayed and intermittent urination, thin and weak urine stream, short range, terminal dripping, and prolonged urination time by. When the obstruction is aggravated to a certain degree, too much residual urine can impair the function of the bladder forcing muscle and gradually urinary retention or even filling incontinence will occur. In any stage of prostate enlargement, it can be due to climate change, exertion, drinking, constipation, sedentary and other factors that cause sudden congestion and edema of the prostate gland leading to acute urinary retention, where the patient cannot urinate, the bladder is distended, the lower abdomen is painful and often requires emergency treatment at the hospital. When prostate enlargement is combined with infection or stones, symptoms of urinary frequency, urinary urgency and pain can be evident. When the larger blood vessels on the surface of the hyperplastic gland rupture at the end of the year, painless hematuria of varying degrees may also occur. When the obstruction causes severe hydronephrosis and renal function damage, chronic renal insufficiency, such as loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, anemia and weakness, may occur. Long-term difficulty in urination leads to increased abdominal pressure, which can also cause inguinal hernia, internal hemorrhoids and prolapse. Or induce patients with hypertension, coronary heart disease, heart failure, cerebrovascular disease and a series of other diseases. 2.How to treat? Patients with mild hyperplasia can use drugs to control the development of the disease and go to the hospital for regular checkups. For patients with ineffective drugs and severe hyperplasia, minimally invasive surgical treatment is available. There are several methods as follows: (1) Observation and waiting: Patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia who have mild long-term symptoms that do not affect their lives and sleep generally do not need treatment and can be observed and waited for. However, close follow-up is required, and if symptoms worsen, other methods of treatment should be chosen. (2) Drug therapy: The common drugs used to treat prostatic hyperplasia are alpha1 receptor blockers and 5 alpha reductase inhibitors. The common alpha 1 receptor blockers are terazosin, doxazosin, etc., which have good effect on patients with mild symptoms and small prostate enlargement system. 5α reductase inhibitors, such as finasteride (Paulownia), can partially reduce the size of the prostate and improve urinary symptoms. It is usually effective after 3 months of taking the medication, but the symptoms can recur after stopping the medication, so long-term medication is needed. (3) Surgery: Surgery should be considered for those who have severe prostate enlargement obstruction, high residual urine volume, obvious symptoms and poor drug efficacy, and whose physical condition can tolerate surgery. Surgery is effective, with open surgery and transurethral resection of the prostate, etc. (4) Other therapies: ① Laser therapy (such as holmium laser, green laser): ② Extracorporeal high intensity focused ultrasound, etc. These therapies are effective in relieving the obstructive symptoms caused by prostate enlargement. 3.What is transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)? Transurethral resection of the prostate is the gold standard in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia and has the following features: (1) Non-open surgery: the electroscope is placed through the urethra to perform the cutting operation and no scars can be seen on the body surface after the operation. （The procedure is not open to the public, and the scar is not visible after the procedure. (3) Less invasive surgery: some elderly patients who have difficulty with major open surgery and some patients with systemic comorbidities can also undergo it. (4) Electrodesiccation can be repeated: for patients with oversized prostate enlargement, it can be done in stages; for those who have tissue residue from open prostatectomy or whose symptoms recur after transurethral electrodesiccation, electrodesiccation can still be performed.