Melanoma, or melanoma, is a tumor that forms from malignant changes in melanocytes and is generally highly malignant. Melanoma is primarily a disease formed by over-proliferation or malignant lesions of melanocytes. The cause of melanoma has not been clearly defined and may be related to multiple nevi or having dysplastic nevi, excessive ultraviolet exposure, family history of melanoma, and genetic mutations. Patients may have no obvious symptoms in the early stages, or they may have symptoms such as rapid enlargement of existing moles, changes in the nature of their color, and itching. With the gradual progress of the disease, new pigmented spots may appear on the skin, and the original lesions may further appear to aggravate, and even have symptoms such as ulcers and vesicles. The treatment of patients is mainly based on surgical excision treatment, which can be supplemented by molecular targeted therapy, immunotherapy and so on. Patients with the above symptoms should be diagnosed and treated as early as possible to achieve a relatively good prognosis.