Auditory neuroma is one of the common intracranial tumors, also known as vestibular nerve sheath tumor, which mainly originates from the sheath of the vestibular nerve. It is common in adults, with a peak age of onset of 30-49 years, and is slightly more common in women than men. It is a benign tumor, and the treatment principle is to prefer surgery to remove the tumor as safely and completely as possible and avoid damage to the surrounding tissues. The main surgical approaches and methods include inferior occipital-internal auditory tract approach, transcranial middle fossa approach and transvagal approach. Most scholars believe that radical treatment can be obtained after total tumor resection is achieved. Generally, surgery is recommended for small tumors (≤3 cm in diameter), and those who cannot tolerate surgery can be observed or do γ-knife treatment, and for small auditory neuromas, the anatomy and function of the cochlear nerve should be preserved; surgery is recommended for large tumors (>3 cm), and radiation therapy is recommended if the patient cannot tolerate surgery or recurrence after surgery. When choosing radiation therapy, if the tumor diameter is ≤3 cm, stereotactic radiation therapy is suitable. With the clinical application and popularization of stereotactic radiosurgery techniques such as gamma knife and radio wave knife, some small auditory neuromas and large auditory neuromas with postoperative residuals are treated with gamma knife or radio wave knife to obtain satisfactory results in terms of tumor control and neurological function preservation. Auditory neuroma is a benign tumor with good prognosis. It is possible to develop an individualized treatment plan by carefully choosing between surgical resection and gamma knife treatment, total tumor resection and neurological preservation.