Minimally invasive cervical spine surgery is a treatment method applied to cervical spondylosis, cervical spine trauma and other diseases. With the popularization of the concept of minimally invasive surgery, minimally invasive cervical spine surgery has now become an important means of treatment for cervical spine injuries and diseases, among which percutaneous endoscopic minimally invasive surgery has become one of the signature minimally invasive cervical spine surgical modalities applied to the treatment of neurogenic cervical spondylosis and spinal cord cervical spondylosis. Compared with traditional open surgery, minimally invasive cervical spine surgery has the advantages of small surgical incision, light pain, and less bleeding, but it also faces higher technical requirements. Patients with cervical spondylosis and cervical spine trauma should choose whether to undergo minimally invasive cervical spine surgery based on their specific conditions and their doctor’s advice.