Acute pharyngitis is an acute inflammation of the pharyngeal mucosa and submucosal tissues, mostly involving the lymphatic tissue of the pharynx, and can develop alone or secondary to acute rhinitis and acute tonsillitis. Acute pharyngitis is common in the fall, winter, winter and spring, mainly caused by viral infections, common viruses are coxsackievirus, adenovirus, parainfluenza virus, followed by rhinovirus or influenza virus, etc., transmitted by droplets or close contact. It can also be caused by bacterial infections such as streptococcus, staphylococcus and streptococcus pneumoniae. In addition, environmental factors such as dryness, dust, smoke, irritating gases, etc. can also cause acute pharyngitis. Acute pharyngitis usually starts rapidly, and patients may first experience dryness, burning and roughness in the pharynx, followed by pronounced sore throat, which is aggravated by swallowing, and some patients may have pain radiating to the ear. After the onset of the disease, some patients may also have systemic symptoms such as fever, headache, loss of appetite, and limb pain, but they are generally mild and can vary depending on the patient’s age, resistance, and virulence of the virus or bacteria. Examination of the pharynx reveals acute diffuse congestion and edema of the oropharyngeal mucosa, and the lesion may involve the submandibular lymph nodes, with enlarged and painful lymph nodes. In summary, acute pharyngitis is an acute inflammation of the pharynx caused by viral or bacterial infections or environmental factors. Patients mainly present with symptoms such as dry throat, burning and pain, and if there are no complications, most of them can be cured within 1 week.