The most common type of artificial insemination is intrauterine insemination, which is a method of monitoring the ovulation cycle and injecting washed and selected sperm into the uterine cavity during the woman’s ovulation to increase the conception rate. Artificial insemination includes husband insemination and donor insemination. Artificial insemination is one of the most convenient and effective methods to help conceive because it enriches high-quality sperm and removes a large number of impurities and inflammatory cells from the seminal plasma through artificial sperm washing, while directly injecting sperm into the uterine cavity to avoid the loss of sperm in the vagina and the cervix, resulting in a higher fertilization rate. The following is a brief introduction to artificial insemination: artificial insemination by husband is mainly suitable for patients with normal semen or mild oligospermia, sexual dysfunction or other unexplained infertility in the male partner. In contrast, artificial insemination by donor sperm is suitable for patients with azoospermia or family genetic disorders. The general procedure is as follows: the patient comes to the hospital, and after completing the relevant tests, the situation is judged to be consistent with the indications for IUI, then follicle development monitoring is started, and in some patients, ovulation-promoting drugs are added depending on the situation. When the dominant follicle is mature, the husband performs semen collection. The semen is collected in a sterile sperm collection cup and sent to the laboratory for gradient centrifugation. The processed sperm is sent through a hose into the woman’s uterine cavity. Luteal support therapy such as oral progesterone or Daphne is administered after confirmation by ultrasound that the eggs have been expelled. 14 days later a blood test for pregnancy is performed. As an advanced version of follicle monitoring, IUI is usually recommended for 3-4 cycles, and if pregnancy is still not achieved, IVF treatment is recommended. Intrauterine insemination is one of the most economical and safe methods of pregnancy assistance for patients with unexplained infertility and men with low or weak spermatozoa. It has a low rate of twin births, miscarriages and preterm births because it is close to the natural conception process. The cumulative pregnancy rates reported in the literature for IUI vary widely, ranging from 2-60%, which is related to the scale of control of the indications for IUI in different centers. Most fertility centers have a pregnancy rate of 10-15% for a single IUI, with a maximum cumulative pregnancy rate of about 30-40% achieved by repeating 3-4 cycles. It is very interesting to note that after IUI, the patient’s chances of conceiving naturally increase. Of course it is possible for some couples to conceive spontaneously without IUI for a sufficient period of time, but some emerging ideas suggest that either the insemination tube or the endometrial stimulation from hysteroscopy or tubal angiography can improve pregnancy rates long after the procedure. Hopefully, artificial insemination will be a boon to more couples with fertility needs.